Propeller torque & engine torque
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Harold... that's a repeat of what was already said on the thread. It also caused a decent amount of confusion. Can you be more specific about the propeller torque you mention? What specific force and what specific lever arm/axis?
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italia you are still waffling. I know what thrust, power and torque are. Before becoming a pilot I was a transmission design engineer.
I have made two simple points: the first was that the [3 now!] posters who have said exactly what Harold did at #20 are unlikely to be talking about the inertia thing you assumed.
The second point is that you are wrong with this:
….yes please do explain how you think this is the case because the standard blurb about power required and power available to maintain level flight don't apply to an aircraft being used as a big stationary fan on the ground. But that doesn't mean a fan has no thrust and no thrust horsepower.
Do you believe a helicopter in a hover is producing any thrust horsepower? Or if the helo is 'wheels light': any THP?
I have made two simple points: the first was that the [3 now!] posters who have said exactly what Harold did at #20 are unlikely to be talking about the inertia thing you assumed.
The second point is that you are wrong with this:
“Yes a stationary aircraft [producing 200 BHP] is doing zero work and it is producing no THP! I'm usually pretty careful to not state flat out that I know I'm correct but in this case I think I could come out and say that. I'm not going to continue to argue if it's true or not but if you would like to understand it, I have no problem going into detail and explaining it.”
if the aircraft isn't moving, it isn't covering distance and so the work = zero.
Last edited by oggers; 28th Mar 2012 at 08:53.
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Torque
Obviously GM-Allison don't give a fig about differentiating between Engine Torque and Propeller Torque in the C130. One indication only, Engine Torque, displayed in in/lbs and measured between the core engine and the gearbox by the Torque Meter Shaft assembly. On all up to and including the 'H' model a limit of 19600 in/lbs applied, this being an engine mounting limit rather than an engine limitation. Don't know about the J model, no seat for a F/E.
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Hi Old Fella,
VC9 and Tyne turbo props was similar.
"Take Off Power" was called when we had 15,250 N1 rpm and an indication of 430 psi on an engine "torque meter" (no idea about the pivot radius, nor the piston area to obtain the correct dimensions).
It didn't matter if the aircraft was stationary or not - it still produced that amount of power to accelerate the air mass backwards and with some relative velocity. (Mass * Acceleration * relative Velocity)
VC9 and Tyne turbo props was similar.
"Take Off Power" was called when we had 15,250 N1 rpm and an indication of 430 psi on an engine "torque meter" (no idea about the pivot radius, nor the piston area to obtain the correct dimensions).
It didn't matter if the aircraft was stationary or not - it still produced that amount of power to accelerate the air mass backwards and with some relative velocity. (Mass * Acceleration * relative Velocity)
Last edited by rudderrudderrat; 28th Mar 2012 at 15:40. Reason: still can't spell
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Oggers... I'm done dealing with this. You're going to have to figure this out on your own. Or just be happy with your answer knowing that all these textbooks say that you're wrong. I could derive the equations to show you how they got to Power = thrust x airspeed but it's not worth it because you'll just say that I'm wrong!
It seems like Harold decided to recant his post and I couldn't care if 10000 people had the same point of view, it doesn't mean that they're correct!
You're just the same as people who are told one thing in a somewhat convincing manner and believe it like a religion even in the face of clear evidence showing that what they were initial taught is wrong. Are you going to tell me now that all the forces in a turn are balanced, like so many books and instructors teach it? You haven't addressed ANY of the evidence that I've shown you that says you're wrong. So why don't you take the time now to write a little blurb and tell the US Navy that they don't know what they're talking about and write to William Kershner and tell him he doesn't know what he's talking about.
I'd be happy to go into detail on these matters for someone who was interested in learning about why they say Power = thrust x airspeed. But considering our interaction so far, I think I'll pass.
Edit: This is the nice teacher in me coming out: You said you were a transmission design engineer. I think your misunderstanding of this is coming from that. When sitting stationary on the runway with full throttle, you're creating tons of thrust. You can ask where that's coming from and I'd say it's coming from the torque of the engine and the RPM of the crankshaft which is turning the propeller.... which is power. Since the engine is able to turn the crankshaft, it's creating power... if the RPM was zero, it would be zero power, even though there might be lots of torque. Imagine yourself turning a bolt with a wrench, when you apply a lot of torque to the wrench and it doesn't move, there is no work being done. When the bolt finally starts to move, then you start doing work and your boss will agree with you! Even though you will tell your boss that you've been 'working' on the bolt all day and it hasn't moved, your boss will yell at you and correctly tell you that you've done zero work! Back to the airplane... so to get that thrust we need power from somewhere and its coming from the engine. That power is termed BHP or SHP. But I can create 10000 BHP on my engine and go nowhere! Even though I've actually been moving pistons up and down in the engine and doing lots of work there, I've done no work on the vehicle because it hasn't moved! And that's what we're talking about when we say THP. We're talking about the 'work' that the thrust does and that relates to aircraft performance. So if we create a lot of thrust but we don't move, we are not creating any THP. Thrust/THP and Torque/BHP(SHP) are separate concepts.
It seems like Harold decided to recant his post and I couldn't care if 10000 people had the same point of view, it doesn't mean that they're correct!
You're just the same as people who are told one thing in a somewhat convincing manner and believe it like a religion even in the face of clear evidence showing that what they were initial taught is wrong. Are you going to tell me now that all the forces in a turn are balanced, like so many books and instructors teach it? You haven't addressed ANY of the evidence that I've shown you that says you're wrong. So why don't you take the time now to write a little blurb and tell the US Navy that they don't know what they're talking about and write to William Kershner and tell him he doesn't know what he's talking about.
I'd be happy to go into detail on these matters for someone who was interested in learning about why they say Power = thrust x airspeed. But considering our interaction so far, I think I'll pass.
Edit: This is the nice teacher in me coming out: You said you were a transmission design engineer. I think your misunderstanding of this is coming from that. When sitting stationary on the runway with full throttle, you're creating tons of thrust. You can ask where that's coming from and I'd say it's coming from the torque of the engine and the RPM of the crankshaft which is turning the propeller.... which is power. Since the engine is able to turn the crankshaft, it's creating power... if the RPM was zero, it would be zero power, even though there might be lots of torque. Imagine yourself turning a bolt with a wrench, when you apply a lot of torque to the wrench and it doesn't move, there is no work being done. When the bolt finally starts to move, then you start doing work and your boss will agree with you! Even though you will tell your boss that you've been 'working' on the bolt all day and it hasn't moved, your boss will yell at you and correctly tell you that you've done zero work! Back to the airplane... so to get that thrust we need power from somewhere and its coming from the engine. That power is termed BHP or SHP. But I can create 10000 BHP on my engine and go nowhere! Even though I've actually been moving pistons up and down in the engine and doing lots of work there, I've done no work on the vehicle because it hasn't moved! And that's what we're talking about when we say THP. We're talking about the 'work' that the thrust does and that relates to aircraft performance. So if we create a lot of thrust but we don't move, we are not creating any THP. Thrust/THP and Torque/BHP(SHP) are separate concepts.
Last edited by italia458; 28th Mar 2012 at 16:34.
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Hi italia458,
We all agree that if a force doesn't move then no useful work has been done.
The graphs of Power V Speed in post #20 aren't very useful. They've plotted Power (Thrust * Speed) v Speed.
The gradient of the graph merely gives Thrust (which is more useful.)
Rolls Royce "the Jet Engine" has used the same graph but labelled the Y axis as "Propulsive Efficiency" % (work done on aircraft / Energy imparted to engine airflow).
I much prefer the RR explanation and mathematics.
We agree that we are not creating any useful THP - but we are most certainly accelerating a mass of air and have given it a relative velocity - thus we are developing THP. Otherwise where is the energy of the fuel we are using going to?
We all agree that if a force doesn't move then no useful work has been done.
The graphs of Power V Speed in post #20 aren't very useful. They've plotted Power (Thrust * Speed) v Speed.
The gradient of the graph merely gives Thrust (which is more useful.)
Rolls Royce "the Jet Engine" has used the same graph but labelled the Y axis as "Propulsive Efficiency" % (work done on aircraft / Energy imparted to engine airflow).
I much prefer the RR explanation and mathematics.
So if we create a lot of thrust but we don't move, we are not creating any THP
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Permit me, please, another thought problem:
A C-130 with a failed #4 starter lines up behind another C-130 for a "buddy start". The "mother ship" runs up a couple engines while standing on the brakes. 100% RPM, rated torque, zero airspeed: No thrust horsepower relative to this stationary ship.
But the recipient ship feels the propwash, and its #4 prop begins to windmill, finally permitting it to reach self-sustaining speed.
Obviously there is useful horsepower available in the propwash, even though it's not being used by the mother ship.
So my conclusion is: Horsepower is in the frame of reference of the beholder!
A C-130 with a failed #4 starter lines up behind another C-130 for a "buddy start". The "mother ship" runs up a couple engines while standing on the brakes. 100% RPM, rated torque, zero airspeed: No thrust horsepower relative to this stationary ship.
But the recipient ship feels the propwash, and its #4 prop begins to windmill, finally permitting it to reach self-sustaining speed.
Obviously there is useful horsepower available in the propwash, even though it's not being used by the mother ship.
So my conclusion is: Horsepower is in the frame of reference of the beholder!
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The graphs of Power V Speed in post #20 aren't very useful. They've plotted Power (Thrust * Speed) v Speed.
The gradient of the graph merely gives Thrust (which is more useful.)
The gradient of the graph merely gives Thrust (which is more useful.)
Power is a function of thrust and airspeed (Power = thrust x airspeed). So, when you plug in the thrust at a certain airspeed, the resultant is THP. So, when the aircraft is not moving, the airspeed is zero and the THP is zero.
As a note, I'll use BHP or SHP in this post but for all intents and purposes, they are the same thing.
And you'll ask where does that thrust come from? It comes from the power of the engine (BHP). And that power is equal to the torque multiplied by the RPM. And that torque enables the RPM. And the burning of fuel inside the cylinder creates a force which acts at a certain distance from the rotational axis of the crankshaft, at a certain range of angles, which creates the torque. The thrust is directly related to the BHP of the engine. If you increase the BHP generated by the engine, you will increase the thrust.
As I have said before, THP has to do with aircraft performance. Yes, you are creating lots of thrust and that requires power to do that and that power comes from the engine which is the BHP. No physics laws have been violated!
Aircraft performance is with regard to climbing, descending, gliding, turning, accelerating, decelerating, etc. I have a question for you - if your airspeed is zero, what is your climbing performance? What is your turning performance? It's quite obvious that it is zero! When you increase your speed to the point where Power available and Power required are equal, you will be able to maintain level, non-accelerated flight. If you increase your speed to a point where PA is less than PR, you will have negative performance. If you increase to a speed where PA is greater than PR, you will either accelerate or you will climb - or do both, until you reach a point where they will equal each other. When PA and PR are equal, TA and TR will be equal as well. You've probably heard that angle of climb is dependent on excess thrust and rate of climb is dependent on excess power. That is correct! The airspeed for maximum excess thrust will be different than the airspeed for maximum excess power. That difference is not only related to the difference between PA and TA, but the difference between TR and PR. TR is equal to drag and PR is equal to TR x velocity, which is equal to drag x velocity and so on. Just like TR is equal to the addition of parasite drag and induced drag, the PR curve is equal to the addition of two velocity curves: V cubed and 1/V - which are parasite power required and induced power required, respectively. It is a somewhat hard concept to understand because the difference isn't entirely obvious. But these graphs and equations will explain and prove that to be the case, as long as you understand where all the data comes from and what the data means. If you understand the purpose of these graphs and material I think you'll be able to understand better what THP really means.
I uploaded a section from the US Navy document about Thrust and Power: US Navy - Thrust and Power.pdf - File Shared from Box - Free Online File Storage
Rolls Royce "the Jet Engine" has used the same graph but labelled the Y axis as "Propulsive Efficiency" % (work done on aircraft / Energy imparted to engine airflow).
The document above will illustrate propeller (propulsive) efficiency as THP = SHP x pe (propeller efficiency). And working with the equation you get:
pe = THP/SHP = Thrust x velocity/SHP = Thrust x (distance/time) / Torque x RPM x 2pi
As the document says, gearbox inefficiencies and propeller drag will decrease pe from being 100%.
Note the document below (Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators) which also explains propeller efficiency.
Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators.pdf - File Shared from Box - Free Online File Storage
We agree that we are not creating any useful THP - but we are most certainly accelerating a mass of air and have given it a relative velocity - thus we are developing THP. Otherwise where is the energy of the fuel we are using going to?
This is a good wiki article on Thrust: Thrust - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia -- It also explains what I have been in this thread. Read the "Thrust to propulsive power" section.
A C-130 with a failed #4 starter lines up behind another C-130 for a "buddy start". The "mother ship" runs up a couple engines while standing on the brakes. 100% RPM, rated torque, zero airspeed: No thrust horsepower relative to this stationary ship.
But the recipient ship feels the propwash, and its #4 prop begins to windmill, finally permitting it to reach self-sustaining speed.
Obviously there is useful horsepower available in the propwash, even though it's not being used by the mother ship.
So my conclusion is: Horsepower is in the frame of reference of the beholder!
But the recipient ship feels the propwash, and its #4 prop begins to windmill, finally permitting it to reach self-sustaining speed.
Obviously there is useful horsepower available in the propwash, even though it's not being used by the mother ship.
So my conclusion is: Horsepower is in the frame of reference of the beholder!
Last edited by italia458; 29th Mar 2012 at 05:01.
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Hi italia458,
Thanks for the concise explanation.
NAVAVSCOLSCOM-SG-111 Page 4 at the top: (my bolding.)
"Thrust horsepower (THP) is propeller output, or the power that is converted to usable thrust by the propeller."
We all agree.
Please explain oggers' helicopter hover (when ias = zero) using your concept of the thrust horsepower of the blades (behaving like a big propeller).
Thanks for the concise explanation.
NAVAVSCOLSCOM-SG-111 Page 4 at the top: (my bolding.)
"Thrust horsepower (THP) is propeller output, or the power that is converted to usable thrust by the propeller."
We all agree.
A jet engine makes thrust a propeller engine makes power.
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“Oggers... I'm done dealing with this. You're going to have to figure this out on your own.”
“Or just be happy with your answer knowing that all these textbooks say that you're wrong.”
“I could derive the equations to show you how they got to Power = thrust x airspeed but it's not worth it because you'll just say that I'm wrong!”
“It seems like Harold decided to recant his post”
“You're just the same as people who are told one thing in a somewhat convincing manner and believe it like a religion even in the face of clear evidence showing that what they were initial taught is wrong.”
“Are you going to tell me now that all the forces in a turn are balanced, like so many books and instructors teach it?”
“You haven't addressed ANY of the evidence that I've shown you that says you're wrong.”
“So why don't you take the time now to write a little blurb and tell the US Navy that they don't know what they're talking about and write to William Kershner and tell him he doesn't know what he's talking about.”
“I'd be happy to go into detail on these matters for someone who was interested in learning about why they say Power = thrust x airspeed. But considering our interaction so far, I think I'll pass.”
“Edit: This is the nice teacher in me coming out: You said you were a transmission design engineer. I think your misunderstanding of this is coming from that.”
“When sitting stationary on the runway with full throttle, you're creating tons of thrust. You can ask where that's coming from…”
“…and I'd say it's coming from the torque of the engine and the RPM of the crankshaft which is turning the propeller....”
“..which is power. Since the engine is able to turn the crankshaft, it's creating power...”
“..if the RPM was zero, it would be zero power, even though there might be lots of torque.”
“…Imagine yourself turning a bolt with a wrench, when you apply a lot of torque to the wrench and it doesn't move, there is no work being done. When the bolt finally starts to move, then you start doing work and your boss will agree with you!”
“…Even though you will tell your boss that you've been 'working' on the bolt all day and it hasn't moved, your boss will yell at you and correctly tell you that you've done zero work!”
“…Back to the airplane... so to get that thrust we need power from somewhere and its coming from the engine. That power is termed BHP or SHP. But I can create 10000 BHP on my engine and go nowhere!”
“…Even though I've actually been moving pistons up and down in the engine and doing lots of work there, I've done no work on the vehicle because it hasn't moved!”
“…And that's what we're talking about when we say THP. We're talking about the 'work' that the thrust does and that relates to aircraft performance. So if we create a lot of thrust but we don't move, we are not creating any THP. Thrust/THP and Torque/BHP(SHP) are separate concepts.”
Last edited by oggers; 29th Mar 2012 at 12:05.
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Hi rudderrudderrat:
Yes I agree with the quote you provide from the Navy document. Do you understand that the Navy document does not mean what you had previously said about THP? The following sentence is not the same: "We agree that we are not creating any useful THP - but we are most certainly accelerating a mass of air and have given it a relative velocity - thus we are developing THP. Otherwise where is the energy of the fuel we are using going to?
The engine is producing BHP using the energy of the fuel. "THP" means "usable thrust", as the Navy document said - not "useful (usable) THP".
Does that make sense?
Re: oggers' helicopter hover situation - I haven't studied any aerodynamic stuff regarding helicopters, however, I believe that when the helicopter is in a fixed position over the ground (in a hover), the THP will be zero. The engine will definitely be creating lots of BHP(SHP) and burning lots of fuel to produce the thrust that is keeping the helicopter in the hover - but I believe THP will be zero. Work will be done to lift the helicopter off the ground into the hover position which will obviously take a certain amount of THP.
This is my reasoning. First of all, I'm assuming that the same concept of THP (ie: with regard to the airplane's performance) is applied to the helicopter scenario. As I've stated, THP is related to the performance of the aircraft. First assume that the helicopter is a small cardboard box that is empty. It is resting on 4 poles situated at the four corners of the box so that you are free to place your hand underneath the box and lift it. When the box is resting on the 4 pole platform I think we can agree that there is no work being done on the box. Then you place your hand underneath it and apply a 10 Newton force in the direction of the normal (vertical) axis. Let's assume it takes 100 Newtons of force to overcome the force of gravity on the box. So increasing the force of your hand on the box all the way to 100 Newtons will essentially transfer the weight (mass x gravity) of the box to your hand. At the point where you are applying 100 Newtons of force, the box still hasn't moved. Work = force x distance. Therefore, no work has been done on the box. If no work has been done on the box, then power equals zero. Power = work / time.
Then you apply a 150 Newton force for 1 second before reducing the force to 100 Newtons. That accelerates the box upwards and then brings the box to rest again at a position that is a certain distance from the original position (resting on the 4 pole platform). Since you changed the position of the box you did work on the box. And since you did work on the box, power was used to move that box. But once it comes to rest again, it goes back to the same condition - zero work and zero power on the box.
It's the same with the helicopter. I'll disregard ground effect for this thought experiment. The pilot increases the thrust to get it off the ground and then reduces it so that he comes to a hover a certain distance off the ground. He still needs some force that will oppose the mass x gravity of the helicopter and the thrust provides that. The engine is doing lots of work to generate that thrust - but the thrust is not doing any work on the helicopter when it's in the hover! No work = no power!
-------------------------
oggers.. why don't you prove me wrong?! If you've taken all these exams and gotten educated on these topics, do you have any references that you could provide that proves me wrong? So far, you've been very adamant in saying I'm wrong but you've provided no counter argument to the references that I've provided... which leads me to my next point...
You say you don't disagree with any of the references I've provided. That's progress. But you say that they don't support my point. Can you provide evidence that my point is different than what is said in the references I provided?
Well this is what you said: "For the sake of clarity I agree that THP will not equal BHP because of prop efficiency (I should have been more careful to specify SHP in front of a pedant) and frictional losses in the intermediate gearing. But that is just semantics..."
But you actually don't understand what that 'prop efficiency' really is! Here is the equation for propeller (propulsive) efficiency: http://i.imgur.com/NXLV3.png
And you say that's just semantics... haha
Then you said: "But that does not mean a stationary aircraft can do no work and therefore produce no THP!!! The work is done by moving the mass of air one way and the mass of the Earth a tiny imperceptible amount the other way."
But the 'Navy stuff' clearly showed that you were in fact creating zero THP when the aircraft was stationary! So you obviously don't agree with the 'Navy stuff'. You're still not getting that we're talking about aircraft performance. I'm not sure how many times I should repeat "aircraft performance" before it sinks in. Of course you're doing 'work' on the air because you're moving it backwards. And I'd like to add emphasis to the part where I said: "doing 'work' on the air". You are NOT doing any work on the airplane!
What's interesting though is that you said in your most recent post: "Are you telling me that when I was releasing bolts you were in the engine? BTW everyone knows that 'no work is being done on the vehicle'. But: work...is...being...done...on...the...air.
So you do understand that no work is being done on the 'vehicle' and yet when I say that no work is being done on the airplane when it's stopped (therefore there is no power), you have told me that I'm wrong. Hmm... haha
I've never disagreed that the engine is doing work (BHP) but I have been very clear in describing that if the 'vehicle' is not moving, then the THP is zero.
Yes I agree with the quote you provide from the Navy document. Do you understand that the Navy document does not mean what you had previously said about THP? The following sentence is not the same: "We agree that we are not creating any useful THP - but we are most certainly accelerating a mass of air and have given it a relative velocity - thus we are developing THP. Otherwise where is the energy of the fuel we are using going to?
The engine is producing BHP using the energy of the fuel. "THP" means "usable thrust", as the Navy document said - not "useful (usable) THP".
Does that make sense?
Re: oggers' helicopter hover situation - I haven't studied any aerodynamic stuff regarding helicopters, however, I believe that when the helicopter is in a fixed position over the ground (in a hover), the THP will be zero. The engine will definitely be creating lots of BHP(SHP) and burning lots of fuel to produce the thrust that is keeping the helicopter in the hover - but I believe THP will be zero. Work will be done to lift the helicopter off the ground into the hover position which will obviously take a certain amount of THP.
This is my reasoning. First of all, I'm assuming that the same concept of THP (ie: with regard to the airplane's performance) is applied to the helicopter scenario. As I've stated, THP is related to the performance of the aircraft. First assume that the helicopter is a small cardboard box that is empty. It is resting on 4 poles situated at the four corners of the box so that you are free to place your hand underneath the box and lift it. When the box is resting on the 4 pole platform I think we can agree that there is no work being done on the box. Then you place your hand underneath it and apply a 10 Newton force in the direction of the normal (vertical) axis. Let's assume it takes 100 Newtons of force to overcome the force of gravity on the box. So increasing the force of your hand on the box all the way to 100 Newtons will essentially transfer the weight (mass x gravity) of the box to your hand. At the point where you are applying 100 Newtons of force, the box still hasn't moved. Work = force x distance. Therefore, no work has been done on the box. If no work has been done on the box, then power equals zero. Power = work / time.
Then you apply a 150 Newton force for 1 second before reducing the force to 100 Newtons. That accelerates the box upwards and then brings the box to rest again at a position that is a certain distance from the original position (resting on the 4 pole platform). Since you changed the position of the box you did work on the box. And since you did work on the box, power was used to move that box. But once it comes to rest again, it goes back to the same condition - zero work and zero power on the box.
It's the same with the helicopter. I'll disregard ground effect for this thought experiment. The pilot increases the thrust to get it off the ground and then reduces it so that he comes to a hover a certain distance off the ground. He still needs some force that will oppose the mass x gravity of the helicopter and the thrust provides that. The engine is doing lots of work to generate that thrust - but the thrust is not doing any work on the helicopter when it's in the hover! No work = no power!
-------------------------
oggers.. why don't you prove me wrong?! If you've taken all these exams and gotten educated on these topics, do you have any references that you could provide that proves me wrong? So far, you've been very adamant in saying I'm wrong but you've provided no counter argument to the references that I've provided... which leads me to my next point...
You say you don't disagree with any of the references I've provided. That's progress. But you say that they don't support my point. Can you provide evidence that my point is different than what is said in the references I provided?
Because – as I pointed out before - that Navy stuff is correct. But it doesn’t support your point, it is redundant in that context.
But you actually don't understand what that 'prop efficiency' really is! Here is the equation for propeller (propulsive) efficiency: http://i.imgur.com/NXLV3.png
And you say that's just semantics... haha
Then you said: "But that does not mean a stationary aircraft can do no work and therefore produce no THP!!! The work is done by moving the mass of air one way and the mass of the Earth a tiny imperceptible amount the other way."
But the 'Navy stuff' clearly showed that you were in fact creating zero THP when the aircraft was stationary! So you obviously don't agree with the 'Navy stuff'. You're still not getting that we're talking about aircraft performance. I'm not sure how many times I should repeat "aircraft performance" before it sinks in. Of course you're doing 'work' on the air because you're moving it backwards. And I'd like to add emphasis to the part where I said: "doing 'work' on the air". You are NOT doing any work on the airplane!
What's interesting though is that you said in your most recent post: "Are you telling me that when I was releasing bolts you were in the engine? BTW everyone knows that 'no work is being done on the vehicle'. But: work...is...being...done...on...the...air.
So you do understand that no work is being done on the 'vehicle' and yet when I say that no work is being done on the airplane when it's stopped (therefore there is no power), you have told me that I'm wrong. Hmm... haha
I've never disagreed that the engine is doing work (BHP) but I have been very clear in describing that if the 'vehicle' is not moving, then the THP is zero.
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italia:
What if the helicopter was to climb at a very small rate, say, 1 ft/min. Does this thrust without power you speak of suddenly become THP after all? Or just a tinsy winsy bit THP? What if the helo is winching pax up whilst maintaining a steady hover: the AUM increases with every pax. but the aircraft hasn't moved. This requires a change of thrust and engine power of course but according to you THP remains at zero throughout
What if said helo were to descend at a very small rate. Is it using more THP because it is now moving than it did in the hover. According to you the answer is yes because you say there was zero THP in the hover! Or would you now say it is negative THP?!
What of that old carrier footage where the planes used their prop wash to aid in coming alongside? The aircraft are lashed to the deck. Work is being done on the carrier, THP is being generated, you would probably agree. If during this maneouvre the carrier comes briefly under the influence of a current that halts its progress toward the jetty, does THP magically go to zero and then come back when the current abates? According to you it goes to zero
What if the helicopter was to climb at a very small rate, say, 1 ft/min. Does this thrust without power you speak of suddenly become THP after all? Or just a tinsy winsy bit THP? What if the helo is winching pax up whilst maintaining a steady hover: the AUM increases with every pax. but the aircraft hasn't moved. This requires a change of thrust and engine power of course but according to you THP remains at zero throughout
What if said helo were to descend at a very small rate. Is it using more THP because it is now moving than it did in the hover. According to you the answer is yes because you say there was zero THP in the hover! Or would you now say it is negative THP?!
What of that old carrier footage where the planes used their prop wash to aid in coming alongside? The aircraft are lashed to the deck. Work is being done on the carrier, THP is being generated, you would probably agree. If during this maneouvre the carrier comes briefly under the influence of a current that halts its progress toward the jetty, does THP magically go to zero and then come back when the current abates? According to you it goes to zero
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A little understanding is indeed a dangerous thing.
Force times velocity has been iterated ad nausea throughout this thread.
It's multiplication.
What happens when you multiply by a very small number, as compared to when you multiply by a larger number? And as compared to when you multiply by zero?
Now, exactly which were those exams you were making a big deal out of having passed? Elementary algebra included?
(Vector, direction, magnitudes - those terms are left for googling by the interested reader.)
Now, I really, really do not care to argue the point, or any point, with you. It seems pointless, so to speak - a state of full duplex communication doesn't appear to ever be reached - and you are not exactly going out of your way to exhibit a charming online personality either.
Besides, you simply have to be trolling. This is a behaviour I detest, as it severely detracts from the usability of online forums for those who actually seek knowledge and understanding. Please stop, and let this forum be a place of educated discussion between professionals.
I do want to thank you for giving me a chance to respond on-topic (or at least in-line with the current direction the topic is taking) in this thread though.
This provides me with the opportunity to compliment italia458 on an excellent analogy with the bolt and the wrench. Well done, good sir! A good teacher is one who can bring an abstract concept into the every-day world most people can grasp without prior education on the subject.
Force times velocity has been iterated ad nausea throughout this thread.
It's multiplication.
What happens when you multiply by a very small number, as compared to when you multiply by a larger number? And as compared to when you multiply by zero?
Now, exactly which were those exams you were making a big deal out of having passed? Elementary algebra included?
(Vector, direction, magnitudes - those terms are left for googling by the interested reader.)
Now, I really, really do not care to argue the point, or any point, with you. It seems pointless, so to speak - a state of full duplex communication doesn't appear to ever be reached - and you are not exactly going out of your way to exhibit a charming online personality either.
Besides, you simply have to be trolling. This is a behaviour I detest, as it severely detracts from the usability of online forums for those who actually seek knowledge and understanding. Please stop, and let this forum be a place of educated discussion between professionals.
I do want to thank you for giving me a chance to respond on-topic (or at least in-line with the current direction the topic is taking) in this thread though.
This provides me with the opportunity to compliment italia458 on an excellent analogy with the bolt and the wrench. Well done, good sir! A good teacher is one who can bring an abstract concept into the every-day world most people can grasp without prior education on the subject.
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oggers... As ft said, you're not contributing to anything here. You consistently keep ignoring my questions asking you to prove your point and instead try to find any way that you can prove me wrong. As for your ridiculous questions - you already know the answer. Just ask yourself if the aircraft is moving or not and you will know the answer!
Thanks for the comment ft! I was seriously doubting the intellect of the human race - but I guess there is always a bad apple in every bunch!
Thanks for the comment ft! I was seriously doubting the intellect of the human race - but I guess there is always a bad apple in every bunch!
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ft
There's really no need to get so upset. If what you genuinely want is to engage in an 'educated discussion between professionals', then I don't understand why you didn't:
a) Address the OP
b) State clearly whether you agree with italia's hypothesis that a helo in the hover is not generating any thrust horse power.
There's really no need to get so upset. If what you genuinely want is to engage in an 'educated discussion between professionals', then I don't understand why you didn't:
a) Address the OP
b) State clearly whether you agree with italia's hypothesis that a helo in the hover is not generating any thrust horse power.
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This provides me with the opportunity to compliment italia458 on an excellent analogy with the bolt and the wrench.
The amount of "force" needed to overcome the friction and torque to "break" the bolt is considerable, perhaps why limp wristed theorists don't actually "work"
@ oggers
Once more into the breach my friend.
Let's assume it takes 100 Newtons of force to overcome the force of gravity on the box. So increasing the force of your hand on the box all the way to 100 Newtons will essentially transfer the weight (mass x gravity) of the box to your hand. At the point where you are applying 100 Newtons of force, the box still hasn't moved. Work = force x distance. Therefore, no work has been done on the box. If no work has been done on the box, then power equals zero. Power = work / time.
Last edited by blackhand; 29th Mar 2012 at 23:43.
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One indication only, Engine Torque, displayed in in/lbs and measured between the core engine and the gearbox by the Torque Meter Shaft assembly. On all up to and including the 'H' model a limit of 19600 in/lbs applied, this being an engine mounting limit rather than an engine limitation.
the prop of the herky spins about 1000 rpm and the engine about 13800rpm , right ?
soo... 19600x1000/5252 which results in a little more than 3730hp.
imagine the engine by itself would have this torque .... 19600x13800/5252...
the turbine is a high speed low torque thing and the prop / via a gearbox a high torque low speed device. at turboprops the propshaft torque is measured.
but not sure if the thread opener talked turboprops...
one more word to the usuful thrust/power when the engine are pulling but the aircraft is hold by the brakes... the aircraft as a whole thing does not develop any useful work, but the engines of course do - their use in our case is just to strenght the brakes.
cheers gents !