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-   -   Crosswind landings (https://www.pprune.org/military-aviation/614707-crosswind-landings.html)

RetiredBA/BY 24th Oct 2018 09:52

Crosswind landings
 

What is the current teaching/ practice of the RAF for crosswind landings, particularly on large jets, eg Voyager, Sentry, A400 etc?

charliegolf 24th Oct 2018 10:12

First, stow your camera?:E

CG

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 11:10

Obviously, it will be appropriate to the type. You finish with etc, but I guess you mean large aircraft generally? FWIW, the TriStar was approved by Lockheed for drifted or wing-down, up to 30kts x component in most conditions. However, RAF SOP taught wing-down. :)

OAP

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 18:56

VP,
Lockheed cleared either landing with drift applied or, wing down TD. "Kicking-off" drift is not a generally approved commercial transport technique. The wing down technique was approved with a limitation of 8 degrees of roll at TD, sufficient for a correctly applied aligned landing with 30kts across. However, the technique was not easy to master. Of course, A/L did it perfectly! And, so did some of us pilots! :ok: :D

OAP

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 19:05

TriStar 500 wing pod clearance is 2'11". Don't think an RAF TriStar pod was ever scraped, despite routinely working into windy places. :cool:

OAP

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 19:40


Originally Posted by MPN11 (Post 10291556)

Yep. You try teaching it to a 150hrs TT Tyro! :eek:

OAP

MPN11 24th Oct 2018 19:41

Ahh ... the link finally worked ... I had deleted the original post!

A good bootful of rudder at touchdown [and afterwards!].

RetiredBA/BY 24th Oct 2018 19:46

Once a pilot is wrong. I did my Boeing conversion at Seattle and they approved my crab, push off drift technique, hold wings level or slightly into wind, as did my conversion with BOAC onto the VC 10. The Boeing training manual said that wing down or crab was recommended x wind technique. It’s what I taught as a CFS approved RAF. QFI.( and as a Boeing TC) and what we did on the V aircraft ( underwing tanks and refuelling pods) and Canberra. ( wingtip tanks)

My x wind technique was taught to me as an RAF stude and for the rest of my career, I used the crab , push off drift in the flare to land aligned with the runway..

Landing with drift appplied was not considered good airmanship to say the least.

I ask the question as I recently saw a video of B 757 ( on which I have a lot of command time) being landed in a 40 knot x wind with no attempt to remove the drift angle. it looked truly awful.

I wondered what was being taught, is acceptable, these days.

Informed comment from those up to date?

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 20:03

Retired BA/BY is wrong! :ooh: Are you incapable of reasoned dialogue? Who mentioned Boeing, VC10 or your crab? :)

OAP

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 20:08

Or Canberra's? :confused:

OAP

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 20:26

Where are you BA/BY? Do you want to slag a fellow CFS Flying Instructor again? Or, do you want to talk about flying aircraft TWICE the MTOW of your resume? :mad:

OAP

Bill Macgillivray 24th Oct 2018 20:27

I thougt that the original question referred to current RAF teaching - not specific aircraft types. All my RAF career (Many types and QFI) was the "crab" technique. Seemed to work, still here after some 20k hours!
Bill

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 20:40


Originally Posted by Bill Macgillivray (Post 10291597)
I thougt that the original question referred to current RAF teaching - not specific aircraft types. All my RAF career (Many types and QFI) was the "crab" technique. Seemed to work, still here after some 20k hours!
Bill

It was referrenced to large jets. Agree, my experience of Flying training and FJ was crab (drift corrected) to align in the flare. However, most decently large modern aircraft have approved operating standards that are very specific and are further defined by operator/company SOP's.
Would be glad to hear comments from other RAF big jet SOP's? :ok:

OAP

H Peacock 24th Oct 2018 20:59

Wing-down will always work, ensuring you land with no lateral drift, but it does mean a podded engine may be too close to the ground. Conversly, if you elect to crab, then unless you get it exactly right you're either going to land with lateral drift (ie you kicked the drift off too soon) or you'll still be crabbed off (ie kicked the drift off too late).

Of the various RAF ME types I've operated I've used both techniques, or even a blend of them (ie a bit of wing down but also some crabbing). The geometry of the tailwheel types requires them to be flown accurately aligned and with absolutely no lateral drift - so had to be flown wing-down, but also to a relatively low crosswind limit. The tricycle types will always yaw themselves straight after touchdown if you've not got it right, but it can feel very uncomfortable and can't do the gear much good.

Dont think I've ever seen a modern airliner using the wing-down technique.

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 21:17


Originally Posted by H Peacock (Post 10291625)
The tricycle types will always yaw themselves straight after touchdown if you've not got it right, but it can feel very uncomfortable and can't do the gear much good.

No. With a crosswind they will still experience aerodynamic Yaw forces into wind after TD. Large commercial aircraft have limiting structural strengths that have to define the landing technique. Many seem to certify the full drifted landing as the worst case. See video of X-wind certification landing tests.

OAP

H Peacock 24th Oct 2018 21:27

OAP. I agree about the aerodynamic forces (yaw) always being present at touchdown, but I'm referring to just the CofG v undercarriage geometry.

itsnotthatbloodyhard 24th Oct 2018 21:28


Originally Posted by Onceapilot (Post 10291528)
"Kicking-off" drift is not a generally approved commercial transport technique.

OAP

Interesting. It’s certainly approved on the B747s, B767s and A330s I’ve been flying for the last 20 years. Not only approved, but strongly preferred by my outfit. (Although ‘squeezing off’ might be a better description than ‘kicking off’.)

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 21:38


Originally Posted by itsnotthatbloodyhard (Post 10291652)


Interesting. It’s certainly approved on the B747s, B767s and A330s I’ve been flying for the last 20 years. Not only approved, but strongly preferred by my outfit. (Although ‘squeezing off’ might be a better description than ‘kicking off’.)

Interesting. I would be interested what it says in your operating manuals under "Crosswind landings", or "Crosswind landing technique". Maybe you can explain what your A/L does? Cheers

OAP

Onceapilot 24th Oct 2018 21:40


Originally Posted by H Peacock (Post 10291651)
OAP. I agree about the aerodynamic forces (yaw) always being present at touchdown, but I'm referring to just the CofG v undercarriage geometry.

Yes. :ok:

OAP

BEagle 24th Oct 2018 21:47

I once had to defend a TriShaw pilot who'd alarmed some REMF FJ Wg Cdr at MPA by 'large bank angles near the ground' on the final approach. Having spoken with ATC and obtained a tape, although the PAR was poorly flown, the final approach attitude was clearly due to the ex-Hercules pilot using the 'wing down' technique in the usual MPA crosswind, which was alien to this FJ Wg Cdr. In fact I'd been on board the TriShaw at the time and the landing seemed entirely routine from a passenger's point of view.

Anyone who 'kicks off' the drift or uses 'bootfulls' of rudder deserves a good kicking themselves! One merely aligns the aeroplane with the runway at the same rate which one uses to initiate the flare. Once down, into wind control column and forward pressure helps - although FBW aircraft may have some control laws of their own, I guess.

But if an A380 can cope with 40-50 kt crosswinds using the wing down crab technique, I'd have thought that pilots of smaller aircraft should also be able to manage the technique:



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