PIC time in logbook in different regulations
In FAA Part 61.51, it explains that a person can log PIC hours in his/her logbook if the person is the sole manipulator of the controls of the aircraft and is rated to act as a PIC of that aircraft.
I gather that this means if you are a PPL holder undertaking training with an instructor on-board, you are able to log it as PIC hours.
From speaking with a few friends who trained in US, it looks like it's normal for both the student and the instructor to log the flight as PIC in their logbooks even though the instructor was performing the duty as PIC as long as the student was the sole manipulator of the controls.
I am currently training in Australia and I have CPL. In my experience in Australia, the only time you can log PIC hours in your logbook is if you were the only pilot in the aircraft or if you agree to act as PIC if another pilot is onboard. If the flight is a flight training and there is an instructor onboard, we always log it as a dual time.
I am considering converting my license to a foreign CPL and the number of PIC hours you need is higher than what is required in Australian CPL MOS. Since I've only just met the PIC requirement for Australia, I am about 30 PIC hours short of minimum required for the foreign license I want to convert to.
However, for someone who trained in US under FAA regulations, although the number of total hours and the syllabus received is almost identical, because they are allowed to log some instructed flight training dual flights as PIC, they would be qualified to convert without going away to log additional PIC hours.
In Australian CASA CASR part 61, the logbook requirements are not specified in details as the FAA 61 does and it doesn't go on to define what type of flight trainings can be logged as PIC.
Is there a standard practice in international license conversions that can be used to define actual PIC hours for pilots from different licensing regulations?
Is there a written Australian regulation that defines what exactly can be logged as PIC?
Thank you