I flew with a Russian test pilot on several flights for type certification testing. The overall experience was more than interesting in that he spoke no English and I no Russian, nor was the official translator (Anne from Bolton) experienced in aviation matters.
However, the testing was completed with the aid of an experienced Russian FTE on the jump seat who spoke ‘Toulouse’ English.
The Russian test crew were extremely professional and thorough; the pilot was widely experienced in a range of aircraft with emphasis on heavy military types and those with less desirable handing qualities or engine response. In Previous military careers we may have exchanged salutes over the North Sea.
I doubt that the pilot had undertaken a formal test flying course, more like accumulated experience in the role over many years, and more practical than theory. The FTE however appeared to have had recent formal training and that which provided knowledge of ‘‘Western’ civil test procedures and requirements.
The Russian certification requirements were broadly in line with JAA/EASA, with additional special conditions such max sideslip at MMO with an adverse engine out, and a demanding generality that the aircraft must be able to withstand any event previously encountered in a Russian accident! Thus, an autopilot roll-overpower, al la child on the flight deck (demonsrated in flight), and an all-engine-out landing, but only in the simulator.