What would be important to know is whether the missile warhead was in front or behind the aircraft when it exploded because that may tell us something about the missile trajectory and hence launch point.
To my untrained eye the explosion was from behind the A/C if those pictures showing shrapnel hit were indeed shrapnel. I really don't know how that could be useful information though, just to many variables.
A spy satellite will know exactly where the missile was launched from and its trajectory, they use heat signature from the rocket plume. Not likely the general public will ever see that info though.