excerpt from italian AIP:
1.4 VFR night-flights are allowed to:
1) airplanes GAT (see para 1.8);
2) helicopters (see para 1.9);
3) national and allied military aircraft;
4) aircraft belonging to police, fire brigade and civil protection.
1.8 Rules for the conduction of aeroplane night flights
in accordance with visual flight rules (VFR/N)
1) Applicability
VFR/N aeroplane flights are subject to VFR
prescriptions as integrated by the following rules.
2) Meteorological minima
No VFR/N flight can be either planned nor
performed unless the reported meteorological
conditions show a visibility equal or greater than 5
km and a cloud coverage equal or less than 2/8
below 3000 ft AGL.
A VFR/N flight can be conducted within class C, D,
E, and G airspace, in visual reference to the
surface, under the following conditions:
a) take-off and landing: at least 5 km ground
visibility, cloud coverage equal or less than 2/
8 (in the local meteorological routine or
special reports) below 3000 ft AGL;
b) en route: at least 5 km in flight visibility for
flights performed below FL 100; at least 8 km
in flight visibility for flights performed at or
above FL 100; distance from clouds: 2000 ft
vertical, 3 km horizontal.
For flight operations over mountainous areas, the
horizontal in flight visibility must be of at least 8
km.
3) Minimum levels
Except for take-off and landing, VFR/N flights shall
not be conducted over hills and mountainous
terrain, even if in accordance with standard routes
and levels, unless a vertical separation of at least
1500 ft above the highest obstacle within a radius
of 5 NM from the estimated position of the airplane
has been achieved.
4) Aerodromes
VFR/N flights can be performed from/to
aerodromes open to night VFR.
5) Flight plans
To perform VFR/N operations a flight plan must be
filed at least 30 minutes before the EOBT
(Estimated Off Block Time).
With the exception of mixed VFR/IFR or IFR/VFR
flight plans accepted before departure, a change
from IFR to VFR/N is not permitted. A change from
VFR/N to IFR is instead permitted for
meteorological conditions deterioration or for other
safety reasons, provided pilot holds relevant
rating.
A flight plan is not required for local flights which
maintain a continuous radio contact with the ATS
Unit of the concerned aerodrome.
A flight plan filed to perform a VFR/N flight shall
contain indication of a suitable alternate
destination aerodrome.
6) Radio communication failure
In the event of radio communication failure the
pilot shall:
a) set transponder on code 7600;
b) divert immediately to and land on the
aerodrome chosen between those
aerodromes nearest and suitable, taking into
account the kind of traffic there operating;
c) report arrival by the most expeditious means
to the appropriate ATS unit.
7) Air Traffic Services
Radio contact with the ATS unit responsible for
service provision in the airspace concerned, must
be maintained. Air traffic services will be provided
according to the relevant class of airspace. All
requirements, restrictions and prohibitions
applicable to VFR flights during daylight hours,
remain valid.
8) Aeroplanes
Aeroplanes registered in Italy shall be suitable for
VFR/N in accordance with the Regolamento Tecnico
ENAC (ENAC Regulation).
Aeroplanes registered in foreign countries shall be
approved for VFR/N according to the respective
State of registry regulation.
9) Equipment
See GEN 1.5
10) Pilots
To conduct VFR/N flights pilots shall hold a VFR/N
licence in accordance with the Regolamento ENAC
"Regole dell'Aria", attachment 1, appendix 7 (ENAC
Regulation).
To carry other people on board during a VFR/N
flight, the owner of a pilot licence shall have made
at least 3 takeoffs and 3 landings at night with the
same type of aeroplane, as pilot in command, in
the preceding 90 days