Self critical technique was part of my training as an engineer.
Of course when one knows that one is correct when another claims you are incorrect it can be a problem especially if one or more parties feels inferior to the other.
Even worse is the case when one knows one is correct and the disputant is of a higher ranking than one's own position.
The situation is common within the UK because of the social structures within a small island. It does exist elsewhere too I am sure. Of course aviation inherently has a hiracy hence the use of CRM techniques.
"whether you are in possession of all your faculties, to put it politely"
The standard question the medic asks you if he seeks to establish sanity is "MrX...do you know who the prime minister is?" This for a basic cognition test.
There are many more.
Of course one has to be aware of the motives the questioner has in asking that question. In fact to "section" someone needs three signatures on a formal written statement. It is a very serious matter. Not something that most people want to be involved with.