Most countries (Europe, North America, etc.) keep an eye on the safety standards of foreign carriers through observation - notably ramp visits - and will take action on an exceptional basis if concerns are found.
Indeed so...other countries as well.
Recently, we had our aircraft inspected in both Argentina and South Africa.
Aircraft documents/technical log/DD log/safety equipment/pilots licenses, etc were all closely inspected, and approved.
Took about thirty minutes.
All inspectors went away pleased.