3 years or 5 years working on aircraft while keeping a logbook of all work experience gained.
While doing that 14-16 exams depending what they want to work on.
After that a "type rating" on the airframes they work on.
As a pilot it does cut both ways with the attitude. Some engineers reckon you don't have a bloody clue and most faults are due to something the crew are doing. Will never believe any data fed back about none normal engine indications. Although mobile phones with video have aided the cause in that respect.
Others as you say are true professionals where everyone works towards a common goal. A matter of procedure and education is a two way thing and problems are discussed, questions asked and answered. Mutual respect is the way forward.
In fact an Engineer got me my current job as a Captain.