I do not think that Visa Electron cards are available in the USA. For this reason, the OP would probably have to pay a booking fee. All the other charges, though, can, in principle, be avoided. The airport check-in fee only applies if you do not opt for "online check-in/0 bags".
Spanish domestic fares have been notoriously expensive so I doubt whether a better deal could be obtained elsewhere. (Having said that, though, I have seen Iberia offer what are, for them, extremely low fares for selected flights on routes which they share with Ryanair.)
I'd like to emphasise what a previous poster contributed: despite what ryanair.com may say, the airline does not fly to Barcelona, a fact that might not be well-known in the US.