They could try implementing the concept of performance related pay that they harped on about a few years ago - give all 38 YO Flt Lts PA and then add extra levels for QHI/QFI/QWI/A2/A1 and other specialist qualifications so that the C Cat loafing in the crewroom doesn't get paid the same as the other guys who have made the effort to improve their knowledge and skills and take on more responsible positions within the PA spine.