Why the different perspectives?
Not long ago I listened to the Senior pilot at our company speak about this.
As background, I happen to know this guy from my 727 days, and I think very highly of him...except on this one subject.
He stated that he had an obligation to our passengers to ensure that our crews are operating correctly. For that reason, even though ASAP was the source for highlighting an event that did not comply with our SOPs, he felt that the crew should be pulled off the line and retrained.
I do not believe this is within the boundaries established by the ASAP Advisory Circular put out by the FAA.
Had the ASAP program not been in existence, more than likely this event would never have been brought to the attention of anyone in our company. In other words, without ASAP, it didn't happen, and no analysis or mishap prevention measures can be initiated to prevent a recurrence.
My opinion is that confidentiality is a must with any mishap prevention program.