I write as a professional in aviation - having worked as an air traffic controller and been involved in a number of management functions (safety and operational). One might expect similar measures that are seen on a flightdeck or an ATC unit to be applied in an operating theatre. Sadly however, on those occasions I have had contact with the medical profession (in a professional capacity - mine, not theirs), it appears that such controls designed for safety are not nearly as mature as we have in the aviation business.
A good example is reporting culture and sharing of lessons learned through hard experience. Certainly in the UK there is a well established reporting system and despite the fact that it may have a few shortcomings it means that data collected nationally can be used quickly to identify undesirable trends etc. This system has been in use - and developing - for 30+ years but, as I understand it, the medical equivalent is only just being established amid resistance.