Point of information: "F-bomb" is indeed US jargon for the word you signified. Swearing is a verbal act: whereas most of the time, we use words to signify things, such as with descriptions or directives, when we swear, we use "strong words" as acts in themselves, conveying an emotional state. Hence the usage of "bomb": deploying it alters the conversational landscape, largely by removingor flattening obstructions to efficient communication, obstructions such as ill-conceived notions of propriety. \
People are generally tolerant of "incidental" swearing.
I can think of very few more difficult situations than a superior who comes in, mad as hell with a "don't mess with me" post-row attitude, then silently becomes incapacitated.