1) My helicopter needs to go for maintenance, or my aunt needs to get to her sick friend in Scotland; please can you fly the helicopter for me.
I am a PPL. I own a Super Cub (poor man's helicopter) on a private cat CofA, hourly cost to fly, say £65. I ask my friend Fred to do me a favour and take my niece Sarah back to Maidenhead from Devon after a visit to me, because I am tied up. Fred says he would be delighted. He flies her up and comes back. I say 'Thanks, Fred.' He says, 'No problem, Dave, any time.' No money changed hands. I pay for the fuel.
Hands up who on this board says this is a commercial flight and the aircraft and Fred are both operating illegally.