This must be the thread with most correct answers ever.
Apart from the "normal law" the FBW provides for some "reconfiguration laws". These are:
- Alternate law (with reduced protections)
- Alternate law (w/o reduced protections)
- Direct Law
- Mechanical back-up
All are correctly described in the post above. Perhaps except for the mechanical back-up that enables the pilot to control the aircraft during temporary complete loss of electrical power. Pitch is controlled manually by setting the trimmable horizontal stabiliser and lateral control is provided conventionally via rudder and pedals. Airbus claims that aircraft were succesfully landed in mech. backup, however such manuoevre is not part of the training curriculum.
FD
(the un-real)