the five other hours are, for example, training times where the instructor is PIC!! what is so difficult?
As has been said, you cannot claim times as pilot in a single-pilot aircraft if you are not the PIC! When you are a passenger, you cannot put any of the times in your log book...they don't count! use a different book if you want!
The cases mentioned above are SPECIAL cases where a safety pilot is required by law/medical... disreguarding the single-pilot issue and in cases of emergencies. If a pilot I am flying with has a heart attack, of course I will take over.... and I wouldn't give
about writing down any hours! good grief! common sense could go a long way!
And the PIC must be seated in the seat disignated as such by the manual...i.e. the seat in which the plane can be flown solo.... that's a very simple regulation and may perhaps only be according to German law, but sensible to me!
Westy