We get our roster at the 25th of each month for the following month, always covers the whole following month except for december where it covers 1st of january as well. We can bid 4 days off each month and 5 consecutive days off each quarter (but in the month you bid those 5 days you cant bid the normal 4), you can have one standing request (prefer lates, earlies, overnights, partner-request with either cabin crew or fellow pilot) which isn't binding though, my early request works quite well though and i always get my requested days off. At least 9 days off but an average of 11 days off per month (guaranteed 132 per year). 39 days vacation, from the 3rd year in company 42 and 45 from the 15th year on. Each day of vacation reduces the yearly off day count by 0.33 days (3 days vacation = one day off). No more than 5 consecutive days of duty are allowed and 5 duty-days require at least 2 off days thereafter. For each 7 days of training out of base we get one extra off day added to our yearly number. Off and vacation days start and end at midnight local time in germany (where are all our bases).
Overnight stays is something we rarely have, maximum is normally 4 per month and often enough its none at all, however there is no real maximum in our contract.
Rosters are done by one crew planner for cockpit and cabin crew each (around 170 pilots and 400 cabin crew) with the help of some software, dunno which system they use though.