Cloud Cutter
You are obviously correct, but my point remains that even with old equipment, it is unlikely that your ADF needle is going to be saying that you are on track, with no flags, when in fact you are more than 30 degrees off-track - particularly when you are 3-4 miles from the station. Coastal refraction simply doesn't do that. If you are getting those sorts of errors, it is more likely to be the airborne equipment than the NDB. If that is the case - get it fixed! There is no reason for any ADF equipment to produce those kinds of errors, which in any case would be outside the certification limits of the equipment. Even the 1950's Cherokee I learned in, with the ancient combi ADF, didn't do that.
stillalbatross
Wow... but... you are quite right.