As some posters have been touching already I think at the end of the day the crew, the captain, is responsible for and in charge of FLYING the aircraft, not ATC.
No matter how many mistakes ATC does, no matter how unhelpful they might be, and in this case perhaps communication between GND and TWR didn’t work and information was not handed over correctly - My first statement is still valid.
We still need to have a plan for how we are going to fly this once airborne, where we are going to go if there is a delay in getting IFR clearance etc etc. With VFR traffic around I always use higher flap settings for departure (if possible from a performance point of view) and I make sure we don’t clean up until we see exactly how things are going with that clearance in order to be able to keep speeds down while still around this often much slower traffic.
200+ IAS around the pattern with VFR traffic, with this size of aircraft, is just not safe.
CP