How is Spaceshuttle pressurised?
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There are also fewer holes built into it in the first place - aeroplanes have basin drains, outflow valves, lots more doors and hatches unlike spacecraft which are more like a baked bean tin with a single door in.
To be brutally honest, I would have thought it was obvious!
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here's another question,
how does it work when they go outside for a walk, is there a sort of mini room with a vacuum system preventing internal air to dispel outside?
how does it work when they go outside for a walk, is there a sort of mini room with a vacuum system preventing internal air to dispel outside?
There have been some good replies here but the answer to most of this can be best found on the NASA shuttle pages... try typing "Space shuttle" into Google and then going into the NASA pages - I think, mgTF, that 'external airlock" might be the answer to your question.
moggiee - to be brutally honest I agree
, I'm just trying to be kind
moggiee - to be brutally honest I agree
, I'm just trying to be kind
Tabs please !
If you filled your plane with pure oxygen, you could fly unpressurized to FL370 or above (how high?)
Capster, the change in pressure is not that high. Rather less than what your car tyres have to hold.
Your car's tyre is at something like 50 psi total pressure - more after a long drive when the tyre has been heated by friction - the atmosphere around it is at ~15 psi (slightly less & variable so rounded for convenience) so the tyre's difference is ~35 psi. That 35 psi (or 32 or whatever you usually inflate your tyre to) is what we usually think of when we think about how much pressure the tyre holds. We tend to forget this measurement is relative to the atmosphere, not absolute.
Meanwhile, both relatively & absolutely, the shuttle's interior is held at 14.7 psi, the exterior is at 0 psi (near enough) so the difference is......14.7 psi!
Your car's tyre is at something like 50 psi total pressure - more after a long drive when the tyre has been heated by friction - the atmosphere around it is at ~15 psi (slightly less & variable so rounded for convenience) so the tyre's difference is ~35 psi. That 35 psi (or 32 or whatever you usually inflate your tyre to) is what we usually think of when we think about how much pressure the tyre holds. We tend to forget this measurement is relative to the atmosphere, not absolute.
Meanwhile, both relatively & absolutely, the shuttle's interior is held at 14.7 psi, the exterior is at 0 psi (near enough) so the difference is......14.7 psi!
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UFO, Space 1999, Star Wars, 2001, Alien, Solaris etc. - any of those will give you your answer.
In a word, airlocks.
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Breathing pure oxygen
Although a pure oxygen atmosphere allows lower cabin pressure & and solves lots of engineering problems, the fire hazard gets way too high. The deadly Apollo 1 launch pad fire ended pure oxygen cabins. By the way, track down (Wiki) the transcript of Flight Director Gen Kranz's address to the team after the accident - an excellent speech that is as good and relevant today as it was 40 years ago.
james ozzie
"The deadly Apollo 1 launch pad fire ended pure oxygen cabins"...Er, no it didn't, or at least not immediately - all the subsequent Apollo missions flew, manned, with pure Oxygen enviroments. What did stop post Apollo 1, amongst other things, was the procedure of pumping the Cabin up to greater than 15 psi with pure Oygen pre-launch ( Or in Apollo 1's case, a launch rehearsal). That, procedure, plus the uncontrolled spread/use of infalammable material in the Command Module (e.g. velcro), played a major part in the spread of the fire in Apollo 1.
Avoid imitations
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baked bean tin
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I'd like to take this opportunity to recommend the HBO series 'From the earth to the moon', (one episode of which, incidentally, cover the Apollo 1 accident.)
I found this to be a very interesting, well made and also deeply moving series and an absolute must for anyone interested in space flight. Each episode considers different aspects of the Gemini and Apollo programmes.
BTW I don't get a cut from HBOs DVD sales, though perhaps I ought to!
pb
I found this to be a very interesting, well made and also deeply moving series and an absolute must for anyone interested in space flight. Each episode considers different aspects of the Gemini and Apollo programmes.
BTW I don't get a cut from HBOs DVD sales, though perhaps I ought to!
pb
Second Law
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Lithium compounds
I'm pretty sure its Lithium Peroxide not Hydroxide that's used as the peroxide scrubs to the carbonate and oxygen in 2:1 redox stoichiometry.
The Hydroxide simply neutralises to the carbonate.
Forgive the lack of subscripts and yes I know it's ionic really but it goes like this
2Li2O2 + 2CO2 = 2Li2CO3 + O2
cf
Li(OH)2 + CO2 = LiCO3 + H2O
CW
The Hydroxide simply neutralises to the carbonate.
Forgive the lack of subscripts and yes I know it's ionic really but it goes like this
2Li2O2 + 2CO2 = 2Li2CO3 + O2
cf
Li(OH)2 + CO2 = LiCO3 + H2O
CW
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From Space Shuttle Reference Manual (available at NASA website),
The cabin air from the cabin fan is ducted to the two lithium hydroxide canisters, where carbon dioxide is removed and activated charcoal removes odors and trace contaminants. An orifice in the duct directs a specific amount of cabin air through each lithium hydroxide canister. The canisters are also located under the middeck floor. They are changed alternately every 12 hours through an access door in the floor. For a flight crew of seven, the lithium hydroxide canisters are changed alternately every 11 hours. Replacement canisters are stored under the middeck floor between the cabin heat exchanger and water tanks.