Switching btw pilot flying and nonflying
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Switching btw pilot flying and nonflying
I am an anesthetist (one who puts one to sleep for a surgical operation) .I would be grateful if anyone could help me with a certain matter. I am aware that in muticrew aircraft ,there is a pilot flying (PF) and a pilot non flying (PNF).(please correct me if I am wrong.) In certain situations ,we anesthetists also work in pairs. However ,only one of us is the "main" anesthetist and the other one is secondary .Unfortunately at times it isn't clear as to who is “flying” the patient. I am , through my website (www.rascan.com) hoping to change the practice . I would like to know how the PF and PNF work out their status and switch roles. Say the captain is PF and the first officer is PNF. Let us imagine that the captain would like to transfer flying duties to the first officer. How is this actually achieved. Is there a sequence of specific words that are used to transfer authority ? What words are typically used? And how does the first officer acknowledge that he is now PF? I hope to develop a similar system for my profession , and any input will be welcome.
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Freshgasflow,
Our esteemed cdr Stable is (as always) right. However, our company adds a little bit more info, in order to make sure that both parties agree what the new PF must do.
E.g. when PNF is ready to recieve controls, PF states: "Climbing to FL320, speed restriction 280 KIAS inbound SPY - your controls"
PNF will then read-back "Climbing to FL 320, speed restriction 280 KIAS inbound SPY - my controls"
First when PNF has stated the words "My controls" he/she becomes PF. Lengthy, but has caught more than one misunderstanding early rather than later
Brgds,
Empty
Our esteemed cdr Stable is (as always) right. However, our company adds a little bit more info, in order to make sure that both parties agree what the new PF must do.
E.g. when PNF is ready to recieve controls, PF states: "Climbing to FL320, speed restriction 280 KIAS inbound SPY - your controls"
PNF will then read-back "Climbing to FL 320, speed restriction 280 KIAS inbound SPY - my controls"
First when PNF has stated the words "My controls" he/she becomes PF. Lengthy, but has caught more than one misunderstanding early rather than later
Brgds,
Empty
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I think that the previous two posts encapsulate the concerns ..
(a) only one person ought to be flying (sedating) so that we don't have a situation where unintended antagonistic actions/inputs could compromise the gameplan
(b) the person handing over (the actual words are less important than having an agreed, familiar, and fairly standardised protocol) needs to ensure that all pertinent facts (including his mental gameplan as necessary) are conveyed to, and acknowledged and understood by, his colleague.
The aim is to effect a seamless tranfer of control, planning, and execution.
Doesn't preclude foul ups .. but goes a long way to minimising the incidence of undesirable outcomes.
(a) only one person ought to be flying (sedating) so that we don't have a situation where unintended antagonistic actions/inputs could compromise the gameplan
(b) the person handing over (the actual words are less important than having an agreed, familiar, and fairly standardised protocol) needs to ensure that all pertinent facts (including his mental gameplan as necessary) are conveyed to, and acknowledged and understood by, his colleague.
The aim is to effect a seamless tranfer of control, planning, and execution.
Doesn't preclude foul ups .. but goes a long way to minimising the incidence of undesirable outcomes.
John, the words during handover are very important as they are a means of ensuring that a common understanding of the situation exists. This reduces the work load on the new incumbent who may be getting the feel of the aircraft (hands on) and assessing the visual situation all at the same time.
With us, we alternate legs. This is discussed, i.e. the captain states during preflight "why don't you fly the spoke legs (many different airports-and no VNAV/LNAV!! [most in Ppruneland are thinking-'oh my goodness!' or 'oh s--t!'] , since most FOs don't normally get to do that many airports (versus the same three hubs-various arrivals with restrictions, but almost always the same ILS approaches and runways to land on) ? All of our FOs by now have 6,000-15,000 hours+, in propjets and/ or only turbofans.
On the runway, as we wait for takeoff clearance, I say "you have the airplane-want the parking brakes set?"
Enroute, we normally never give the plane to the other guy/gal unless we need to go to the WC (lav.). BUT-we train, as captains, to give the plane to the other pilot in case we need to look at the "Red-bordered (EMER.) checklist" or in the COM (QRH) for an abnormal procedure, or even discuss a passenger medical problem with cabin crew-
For example, one time an FAA inspector was on the jumpseat as we climbed south from STL and the "Fire det. loop" light came on (!). This could indicate a major bleed air leak or an actual engine fire. I said "eh-why don't You fly the plane, maybe you wanna use the autopilot too, and tell departure we need to level off for a short while?" He is flying solo. just a short while......I hope. After finishing THAT ok (just a detection fault) and putting it in maint. logbook/sending description to Maint.C via ACARS, said , "ok, I'll steal the plane back from you".
.
With any big problem 1) Fly the plane [who flies?], 2) Identify the Abnormal (not always simple) 3) Read/Do the checklist. ........Do not hurry.............
On the runway, as we wait for takeoff clearance, I say "you have the airplane-want the parking brakes set?"
Enroute, we normally never give the plane to the other guy/gal unless we need to go to the WC (lav.). BUT-we train, as captains, to give the plane to the other pilot in case we need to look at the "Red-bordered (EMER.) checklist" or in the COM (QRH) for an abnormal procedure, or even discuss a passenger medical problem with cabin crew-
For example, one time an FAA inspector was on the jumpseat as we climbed south from STL and the "Fire det. loop" light came on (!). This could indicate a major bleed air leak or an actual engine fire. I said "eh-why don't You fly the plane, maybe you wanna use the autopilot too, and tell departure we need to level off for a short while?" He is flying solo. just a short while......I hope. After finishing THAT ok (just a detection fault) and putting it in maint. logbook/sending description to Maint.C via ACARS, said , "ok, I'll steal the plane back from you".
. With any big problem 1) Fly the plane [who flies?], 2) Identify the Abnormal (not always simple) 3) Read/Do the checklist. ........Do not hurry.............
Last edited by Ignition Override; 16th May 2004 at 07:28.
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Exact words
Thank you for all the resposes so far. I would like to clarify about exact words used, as i would like to develop a "transfer" language in my own profession.
am i right to say that there is no "international" way of handing over control (like the words mentioned by capt stable)? i would like to further know, say that the captain gave control to the first officer. now say , due to a dificult sector ahead, he/she decides that he wants control back, what language will he use. i am not talking about a emergency take over of control.
unfotuanley , in my prfoession ,say during a six hour anesthetic, there are no clear cut "sectors". Often there are two anesthetists looking after a patient . It is not always clear as to who is "flying" the patient.
am i right to say that there is no "international" way of handing over control (like the words mentioned by capt stable)? i would like to further know, say that the captain gave control to the first officer. now say , due to a dificult sector ahead, he/she decides that he wants control back, what language will he use. i am not talking about a emergency take over of control.
unfotuanley , in my prfoession ,say during a six hour anesthetic, there are no clear cut "sectors". Often there are two anesthetists looking after a patient . It is not always clear as to who is "flying" the patient.
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In aviation, there is only one boss and that's the person that signs the tech log. He/she carries the overall responsibility and ultimately calls the shots. How does that compare to two anesthesists looking after one patient?
In our practice (offshore helicopters) handing over control is the norm as we land on different decks and it's the guy with the clear approach and go-around sector who does the landing, which may be different from the position the sector is flown from.
The full handover indicates a/c status, clearance status and intentions, then :
PF"you have controls"
PNF takes over and says "I have controls"
PF takes hands and feet of and confrims "your controls"
Just so at all times, the a/c is being flown hands on.
You will have to decide at which point a handover is safe and what the important parameters are to watch. Those should be included in your handover brief.
In our practice (offshore helicopters) handing over control is the norm as we land on different decks and it's the guy with the clear approach and go-around sector who does the landing, which may be different from the position the sector is flown from.
The full handover indicates a/c status, clearance status and intentions, then :
PF"you have controls"
PNF takes over and says "I have controls"
PF takes hands and feet of and confrims "your controls"
Just so at all times, the a/c is being flown hands on.
You will have to decide at which point a handover is safe and what the important parameters are to watch. Those should be included in your handover brief.
Freshgasflow, if I follow your request correctly you pose an interesting question. Perhaps from aviation the example of a pilot’s navigation log would help. In less well-equipped aircraft than the highly automated ones today with FMS, data link, etc, the progress of the flight and particularly navigation was rigorously maintained on a ‘Plog’ – pilot’s log. The non-flying pilot would maintain this as a record of navigational position and fixes, communications, and fuel state. The pilot without the Plog was flying the aircraft; if there was a change of control, the Plog (on a clipboard) was physically handed over. The Plog contained the complete record of the aircraft’s past, present, and future position and fuel states – a situation briefing.
Thus by negation, the person without the Plog was the pilot flying; each pilot new what their job was, the one with the Plog did the writing, the one without flew the aircraft. In retrospect this system was an excellent handover brief for the current and future situation, it also contained details of any problems along the route.
Although this is not the ‘transfer’ language that you requested, I hope that the method translates into medical speak. Perhaps the nub of the problem is that you require a physical symbol of control (or non control) – the clipboard.
I assume that a range of equipment monitors the patient, however if this is focused on the current situation (like an aircraft EICAS) then there is little history or projected state for the procedure. Both of these aspects are important during handover in flight, which sometimes is a temporary change of command (Capt rest / toilet). Furthermore the visual picture of the Plog – the map, showed the planned route, checkpoints, conditions, and boundaries; all of which I assume apply to anaesthetics. Thus, a combination of physical, visual, and spoken words may be required to provide the necessary fail safe level of who is flying the patient. I am sure that there are many examples in aviation where there has been doubt as to who was flying the aircraft, even more so with autopilots, but again in aviation fail safe systems are often physically coupled and visually displayed.
In even older aircraft, the pilot with his hands on the controls was the pilot flying. To avoid ambiguity, the physical symbol was a short stick or pointer to rap the other pilot’s hands if they came too close to the controls.
P.S. see Private Messages
Thus by negation, the person without the Plog was the pilot flying; each pilot new what their job was, the one with the Plog did the writing, the one without flew the aircraft. In retrospect this system was an excellent handover brief for the current and future situation, it also contained details of any problems along the route.
Although this is not the ‘transfer’ language that you requested, I hope that the method translates into medical speak. Perhaps the nub of the problem is that you require a physical symbol of control (or non control) – the clipboard.
I assume that a range of equipment monitors the patient, however if this is focused on the current situation (like an aircraft EICAS) then there is little history or projected state for the procedure. Both of these aspects are important during handover in flight, which sometimes is a temporary change of command (Capt rest / toilet). Furthermore the visual picture of the Plog – the map, showed the planned route, checkpoints, conditions, and boundaries; all of which I assume apply to anaesthetics. Thus, a combination of physical, visual, and spoken words may be required to provide the necessary fail safe level of who is flying the patient. I am sure that there are many examples in aviation where there has been doubt as to who was flying the aircraft, even more so with autopilots, but again in aviation fail safe systems are often physically coupled and visually displayed.
In even older aircraft, the pilot with his hands on the controls was the pilot flying. To avoid ambiguity, the physical symbol was a short stick or pointer to rap the other pilot’s hands if they came too close to the controls.
P.S. see Private Messages
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anesthesia
replying to s76 heavy, the anesthetist who is more senior has to take the major responsibilty, perhaps like a Captain. but like aircrew, the actual monitoring/ manangement of the patient is shared. in one hour , i will be with a more senior anesthetist. we will be putting a patient to sleep for a big spine operation which may last about four hours. during this , both of us will be together . however at times , he or i will dissappear for coffee breaks, either for ourselves , or to relieve other anesthetist working in other operating rooms. in this situation , the handover of information is very clear ... eg brief medical history , how things are going , drugs given , blood loss etc. the person about to take control will review the charts and then say he/she is happy to take over.
the problem arises when there are two anesthetists. say i have my coffee and return to theater . now its me and boss who are looking after the patient. in the current system , both of us pay attention . but this is dangerous as each thinks the other will be looking. this is where i want to introduce a language to indicate who is actively looking at the patient . the first step is that i have developed a "instrument" scan ...you can see it at www.rascan.com . if you do visit , see the introduction.
like the clipboard suggested , i thought of a clip or badge or something like that (brightly coloured). the badge indicating who is actively watching /flying the patient. the problem is possible transfer of infection . the bagde or similar thing might transfer infection.
at the moment , i am considering for a start to give names equivalent to pilot flying and non flying. i have decided to call the anesthetists actively mananging the patient as alpha one and the other one to be called alpha two . ( alpha is to replace our rather difficult to say title anesthetist, A =Anesthetist = Alpha).
Then i can envisage the hand over like this. the flying anesthetist will say to the other , "you are alpha one". The one taking over will reply "i am alpha one".if the one who has relinquished control wishes , he / she could answer "i am alpha two.
the problem with medical practise is that it is slow to change. so whatever measures are introduced , they have to be simple and practical.
thankyou again for your replies and i hope to hear more.
prasanna
the problem arises when there are two anesthetists. say i have my coffee and return to theater . now its me and boss who are looking after the patient. in the current system , both of us pay attention . but this is dangerous as each thinks the other will be looking. this is where i want to introduce a language to indicate who is actively looking at the patient . the first step is that i have developed a "instrument" scan ...you can see it at www.rascan.com . if you do visit , see the introduction.
like the clipboard suggested , i thought of a clip or badge or something like that (brightly coloured). the badge indicating who is actively watching /flying the patient. the problem is possible transfer of infection . the bagde or similar thing might transfer infection.
at the moment , i am considering for a start to give names equivalent to pilot flying and non flying. i have decided to call the anesthetists actively mananging the patient as alpha one and the other one to be called alpha two . ( alpha is to replace our rather difficult to say title anesthetist, A =Anesthetist = Alpha).
Then i can envisage the hand over like this. the flying anesthetist will say to the other , "you are alpha one". The one taking over will reply "i am alpha one".if the one who has relinquished control wishes , he / she could answer "i am alpha two.
the problem with medical practise is that it is slow to change. so whatever measures are introduced , they have to be simple and practical.
thankyou again for your replies and i hope to hear more.
prasanna
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Some excellent answers to the original question, but here's a poser. What if the patient on the table happens to be a pilot, who also happens to talk in his sleep. He might say, "I have control" at which point the anaethetist in charge might go off for his tea break!!!
Just a lighthearted thought...
Just a lighthearted thought...
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freshgasflow perhaps the following is of interest to you.
There is in Holland a well known and pioneering anesthetist called Bob Smalhout. You don't say where you are from, so don't know if you know of him.
This page gives you his background, in Dutch.
The reason your request reminded me of him, is that Professor Smalhout long ago realised, like your good self, that in the field of anethesiology, many great lessons are to be learned from aviation practices.
Should you not be aware of Prof Smalhout and wish to get in touch with him, send me a private message (button at the top of the post) for his mail address.
Hope I am not trying to teach granny to suck eggs here. If so, it was done with good intentions.
There is in Holland a well known and pioneering anesthetist called Bob Smalhout. You don't say where you are from, so don't know if you know of him.
This page gives you his background, in Dutch.
The reason your request reminded me of him, is that Professor Smalhout long ago realised, like your good self, that in the field of anethesiology, many great lessons are to be learned from aviation practices.
Should you not be aware of Prof Smalhout and wish to get in touch with him, send me a private message (button at the top of the post) for his mail address.
Hope I am not trying to teach granny to suck eggs here. If so, it was done with good intentions.
Maxflyer, your lighthearted thought reminds me of another aspect to be considered when introducing a new procedure; always do a risk assessment.
Thus for freshgasflow’s suggestions; what possibility is there for confusion from the statement ‘you are alpha one’ made by A1 to A2? – “no I am alpha two” or “I am alpha too” or “I am alpha two too”; it may appear to a bit like Monty Python, but these are the latent situations that surface in accidents.
Also, evaluate the additional value of the visual signs; the badge indicating who is in charge may be of value to others as they too can see who is A1.
In the flight deck the Captain is usually in the left seat, if there is doubt then refer to the seat location of the four rings, or if there are two four ringers then default to the grey hair. If the left seat is empty then the right seat is (acting) Captain, if both seats are empty – flapsforty - ‘you have control’.
Thus for freshgasflow’s suggestions; what possibility is there for confusion from the statement ‘you are alpha one’ made by A1 to A2? – “no I am alpha two” or “I am alpha too” or “I am alpha two too”; it may appear to a bit like Monty Python, but these are the latent situations that surface in accidents.
Also, evaluate the additional value of the visual signs; the badge indicating who is in charge may be of value to others as they too can see who is A1.
In the flight deck the Captain is usually in the left seat, if there is doubt then refer to the seat location of the four rings, or if there are two four ringers then default to the grey hair. If the left seat is empty then the right seat is (acting) Captain, if both seats are empty – flapsforty - ‘you have control’.
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This is fascinating stuff and let me say at the outset how much regard I have for anesthetists. I recently had the misfortune to watch a close relative in critical care for 79 days before he died. I had no idea that CC was run by anesthetists and how knowledgable they have to be on all parts of the body!
And so to the question........I believe surgeons too are interested in lifting certain skills from aviation. but more in the realm of CRM and R/t - pilots and controllers are very good at getting their meaning over in as few words as possible by dint of standard phraseology and this could be useful in the operating theatre to avoid ambiguities.
As to FGF's conundrum, as JT says, what is wrong with, after a handover brief, 'I have the patient'/ 'You have the patient' to signify who may fiddle with the controls. If the senior man wishes the junior, who has control, to turn up the wick on something, then he can advise him to do so or state 'I have the patient' and then do so himself. Of course there are CRM issues in there too, but that is perhaps for another day.
Cheers mcdhu
And so to the question........I believe surgeons too are interested in lifting certain skills from aviation. but more in the realm of CRM and R/t - pilots and controllers are very good at getting their meaning over in as few words as possible by dint of standard phraseology and this could be useful in the operating theatre to avoid ambiguities.
As to FGF's conundrum, as JT says, what is wrong with, after a handover brief, 'I have the patient'/ 'You have the patient' to signify who may fiddle with the controls. If the senior man wishes the junior, who has control, to turn up the wick on something, then he can advise him to do so or state 'I have the patient' and then do so himself. Of course there are CRM issues in there too, but that is perhaps for another day.
Cheers mcdhu
S-76: yours is a reall nice helo, from what I've read.
Anyway, in the book "Chickenhawk", the author said that during helicopter assault landings (Hueys), the second pilot closely backed up the first pilot on the controls, in case the flying pilot were hit by an enemy AK-47 (or larger caliber...).
This is an extreme and very unique example of back-up. In transports we fly a coupled approach (on autopilot) for a Cat 2, once a year in the simulator, and the Captain takes control (if required approach lights are in sight at 100') by tapping the back of the FO's hand with his/her hand, saying "I have the airplane".
In anesthesiology, do numerous complex procedures overlap each other, with an overall very standard sequence desired, when things are going well? I wish I could have thanked everyone after my h----oid surgery (first surgery, ever)! I was like this beforehand, just not so obvious...
Anyway, in the book "Chickenhawk", the author said that during helicopter assault landings (Hueys), the second pilot closely backed up the first pilot on the controls, in case the flying pilot were hit by an enemy AK-47 (or larger caliber...).
This is an extreme and very unique example of back-up. In transports we fly a coupled approach (on autopilot) for a Cat 2, once a year in the simulator, and the Captain takes control (if required approach lights are in sight at 100') by tapping the back of the FO's hand with his/her hand, saying "I have the airplane".
In anesthesiology, do numerous complex procedures overlap each other, with an overall very standard sequence desired, when things are going well? I wish I could have thanked everyone after my h----oid surgery (first surgery, ever)! I was like this beforehand, just not so obvious...
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An interesting analogy could be a bombing run in the Vulcan days. Basically, either pilot could carry out the bombing run visually, or the navigator (radar) [equivalent to the wartime bomb aimer] could carry out the bomb run with reference to radar alone. If the co-pilot was carrying out a visual bomb run, then the whole crew followed his instructions. Similarly, the nav radar directed the whole crew for a radar bomb run. So you see, the crew had a temporary director who was given and handed back control as required.
I think you are unnecessarily complicating the issue. You clearly state that there is already a handover drill, so why do you need anything more? If you have taken over control of monitoring and administering the appropriate drugs, surely there is no question but that you remain in sole charge. If the other anesthetist is more senior, your boss, or whatever, it must matter not. He may monitor everything and you may even discuss the minute to minute running of the case, but YOU, as the man 'in control' are the only one allowed to DO anything. If the more senior or your boss decides that he should take control, then the full handover brief should be given, you step back and revert to monitoring his actions.
This should all be agreed as a standard protocol that EVERYBODY MUST FOLLOW without variance, except in an extreme emergency. I would suggest that everyone in your dept should sit down together and hammer out the protocol. We've done similar a number of times in our surgery - it's the equivalent of a military SOP [standard operating procedure].
Another thing used worldwide in every aircraft are the Flight Reference Cards. These are series of cardboard [usually laminated] cards printed with all the checks required to operate the aircraft, including emergencies. It is normal [SOP] for multi crews to follow these checklists for all phases of flight, using the challenge and response system, where one crew member reads the checks and the other(s) respond with the correct words. It acts as an exact reminder of the check to be carried out, and it is a double check,in that an incorrect or unusual response would trigger a comment. Single crew aircraft can use them as reminders to ensure that everything is done correctly. Having been through your website, I believe that the principle of checklists could be adapted for you work in theatre.
Happy for you to send me a private message or e-mail if you want to discuss further [I can give you my telephone numbers if you wish to chat]. I would also be willing to discuss in depth the value of developing checklists with you.
FJJP
I think you are unnecessarily complicating the issue. You clearly state that there is already a handover drill, so why do you need anything more? If you have taken over control of monitoring and administering the appropriate drugs, surely there is no question but that you remain in sole charge. If the other anesthetist is more senior, your boss, or whatever, it must matter not. He may monitor everything and you may even discuss the minute to minute running of the case, but YOU, as the man 'in control' are the only one allowed to DO anything. If the more senior or your boss decides that he should take control, then the full handover brief should be given, you step back and revert to monitoring his actions.
This should all be agreed as a standard protocol that EVERYBODY MUST FOLLOW without variance, except in an extreme emergency. I would suggest that everyone in your dept should sit down together and hammer out the protocol. We've done similar a number of times in our surgery - it's the equivalent of a military SOP [standard operating procedure].
Another thing used worldwide in every aircraft are the Flight Reference Cards. These are series of cardboard [usually laminated] cards printed with all the checks required to operate the aircraft, including emergencies. It is normal [SOP] for multi crews to follow these checklists for all phases of flight, using the challenge and response system, where one crew member reads the checks and the other(s) respond with the correct words. It acts as an exact reminder of the check to be carried out, and it is a double check,in that an incorrect or unusual response would trigger a comment. Single crew aircraft can use them as reminders to ensure that everything is done correctly. Having been through your website, I believe that the principle of checklists could be adapted for you work in theatre.
Happy for you to send me a private message or e-mail if you want to discuss further [I can give you my telephone numbers if you wish to chat]. I would also be willing to discuss in depth the value of developing checklists with you.
FJJP
Last edited by FJJP; 21st May 2004 at 23:16.
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coffee
The handover is well defined or rather adhered to quite well when handing over to a anesthetist who will continue solo. just a few minutes ago a colleague turned up and took over the case i was doing and let me off for a cofee break ... so i handed things to him well. when i return , he will give me a good handover and will leave me solo.
the problem happens when there are two of us all the time. then , there is no clear idea of who is flying.
the problem with medicine is that it doesn't operate in such a tightly controlled way as in aviation. a trainee anesthetist may change hospitals every three months. there are days that i work non stop single handedly for eight hours. these are not ideal but real. some hospitals are really well staffed and have allt he time in the world. others are nightmares. five gunshot injury patients turning up at the same time and you are the only one free. you just have to get on with it. not ideal , but it happens.
i am trying to devise a simple system. a fantastic system that is adhered to only during simulated training will be useless if it is not adhered to routinely , especially by the less motivated and some what lazy. i am going back to my pateint . thank you for all the help i am getting and hope to hear more.
the problem happens when there are two of us all the time. then , there is no clear idea of who is flying.
the problem with medicine is that it doesn't operate in such a tightly controlled way as in aviation. a trainee anesthetist may change hospitals every three months. there are days that i work non stop single handedly for eight hours. these are not ideal but real. some hospitals are really well staffed and have allt he time in the world. others are nightmares. five gunshot injury patients turning up at the same time and you are the only one free. you just have to get on with it. not ideal , but it happens.
i am trying to devise a simple system. a fantastic system that is adhered to only during simulated training will be useless if it is not adhered to routinely , especially by the less motivated and some what lazy. i am going back to my pateint . thank you for all the help i am getting and hope to hear more.
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freshgasflow,
Been here yet?
http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/homep.../HelmreichLAB/
It would seem particularly relevant.
Stay Alive,
Been here yet?
http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/homep.../HelmreichLAB/
It would seem particularly relevant.
Stay Alive,
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This is a bit of an over simplification, freshgasflow , but a circular badge, two inches across, bright red, no pin required, just a very secure piece of velcro stuck firmly on the chest of the 'lead' GasMan should simplify the problem even at the moments of high stress, no reading required, easy interpretation, a bright red badge says, 'I am It'. Yes/No?
(and the GasMan about to leave/hand over will take great delight in sticking the badge on his 'oppo' as he moves away to his coffee/fag etc. so even the laziest will appreciate such a system as the only effort required is combined with them walking off to a break!).
(and the GasMan about to leave/hand over will take great delight in sticking the badge on his 'oppo' as he moves away to his coffee/fag etc. so even the laziest will appreciate such a system as the only effort required is combined with them walking off to a break!).
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Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: london
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badge
problem is infection. there may be concern that the badge may a source if contamination. already in medicne the humble ball point pen is becoming a carrier of bugs that can kill....