"Spoofing" and FAA recommendation
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"Spoofing" and FAA recommendation
FAA Tells Pilots to Switch to Analog to Avoid ‘Spoofing’ (msn.com)What is ‘spoofing’ you might think? In aviation, it’s no laughing matter.
‘Spoofing’ is when false navigational data is sent to airplanes, sometimes rendering technologically valuable equipment useless.
That’s why the Federal Aviation Administration is telling pilots to re-learn the analog system of conventional navigation aids.
Examples of navigation data becoming corrupted are becoming more prevalent. The FAA is telling pilots to monitor their equipment and be ready to switch from digital to analog if need be. The infiltration of current navigational aids could cause a pilot to veer far off course, and could be used as a terrorist tool.
It is not sophisticated enough to delineate between military jets and commercial airliners.
“The Airbus Flight Data Monitoring has reported a substantial increase in (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) outages, with 49,605 incidents in 2022 compared to 10,843 in the previous year,” the European Business Aircraft Association reported in November last year.
The disruptions could put commercial and civilian flights at risk. It could be even more difficult for air traffic controllers.
The FAA is also telling pilots to be aware of changes in avoiding terrain. And it works both ways. Pilots could be tricked into thinking they are coming near an object in which they could crash, or they could believe that they are not close enough to do so.
Or they could wander into airspace that they shouldn’t.
The use of fuel consumption is also a concern.
vThe European Union Aviation Safety Agency and the International Air Transport Association are aware of the issue and recently conducted a workshop about the matter.
The French airline company Safran warned “Until a few years ago, a GNSS spoofing attack required expensive, high-end equipment in the $50,000- $500,000 range. Today, low-tech equipment and open source software can enable anyone to spoof for as little as $100.”
‘Spoofing’ is when false navigational data is sent to airplanes, sometimes rendering technologically valuable equipment useless.
That’s why the Federal Aviation Administration is telling pilots to re-learn the analog system of conventional navigation aids.
Examples of navigation data becoming corrupted are becoming more prevalent. The FAA is telling pilots to monitor their equipment and be ready to switch from digital to analog if need be. The infiltration of current navigational aids could cause a pilot to veer far off course, and could be used as a terrorist tool.
It is not sophisticated enough to delineate between military jets and commercial airliners.
“The Airbus Flight Data Monitoring has reported a substantial increase in (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) outages, with 49,605 incidents in 2022 compared to 10,843 in the previous year,” the European Business Aircraft Association reported in November last year.
The disruptions could put commercial and civilian flights at risk. It could be even more difficult for air traffic controllers.
The FAA is also telling pilots to be aware of changes in avoiding terrain. And it works both ways. Pilots could be tricked into thinking they are coming near an object in which they could crash, or they could believe that they are not close enough to do so.
Or they could wander into airspace that they shouldn’t.
The use of fuel consumption is also a concern.
vThe European Union Aviation Safety Agency and the International Air Transport Association are aware of the issue and recently conducted a workshop about the matter.
The French airline company Safran warned “Until a few years ago, a GNSS spoofing attack required expensive, high-end equipment in the $50,000- $500,000 range. Today, low-tech equipment and open source software can enable anyone to spoof for as little as $100.”
CDPLC and ACARS messages are also open to infiltration. About 50% of my recent US wide ATC instructions are now 'texted' to the FMS, eliminating radio traffic. Hit accept and the machine will do as it's told. If you don't like what you see, it's your duty to confirm, but it sure shows how vulnerable the skies are becoming if you're not on your guard.
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Details....mere details....wait for the Circular to be published!
I knew all these NDB approaches I flew during my initial IFR rating would come in handy one day after all.
Is there an STC for installation of an Astrodome in the roof of a 787?
Is there an STC for installation of an Astrodome in the roof of a 787?
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Putin's Secret Weapon Is Disrupting NATO Countries' Airline, Maritime GPS Signals (msn.com)The next move for Russia in the fight against Ukraine could involve jamming. Knewz.com has learned about new technology with the potential to confuse missiles and drones aimed at Moscow. But it also could cause problems for air travel.
It’s called “Tobol,” according to anonymous Western intelligence sources. It reportedly looks like a satellite dish but transmits signals instead of receiving them. Estonian military commander Gen. Martin Harem says the technology already is affecting air and sea travel in countries which border Russia, including his country and Finland.
Nearby nations such as Lithuania and Poland also have reported disruptions. So has Sweden. Newsweek quoted Lt. Col. Joakim Paasikivi as saying the jamming difficulty there is due to “Russian influence activities or so-called hybrid warfare.”
"What we have seen is a malfunctioning of GPS,” Harem told The Mirror tabloid in Britain. “We really do not know if they want to achieve something or just practice and test their equipment.”
Russian GPS jamming reportedly is disrupting air travel in some countries. So has Sweden. Newsweek quoted Lt. Col. Joakim Paasikivi as saying the jamming difficulty there is due to “Russian influence activities or so-called hybrid warfare.Jamming of radio signals has been common since the days of the Cold War. The old Soviet Union did it to block Radio Free Europe broadcasts from reaching beyond the “Iron Curtain.”
Tobol reportedly works by sending signals on the same frequency that satellites use for guiding vehicles.
“I think, ostensibly, it’s defensive," electronics expert Dr. Thomas Withington with the Royal United Services Institute said. But he doesn’t think it’s right, even if Russia and Ukraine are at war.
“It’s… degrading the safety of navigation,” Withington told The Daily Telegraph. He noted many jets and ships have alternate means of ensuring they’re going in the right direction.
The larger concern is what Putin might do if he chooses a larger war against NATO countries.
A scenario prepared by Germany’s military suggests the Kremlin could start an invasion of western Europe in a mixture of ways. Harem sees Tobol as a tool for doing that, through “electronic warfare.”
“They have nothing to lose,” Harem said. “First they exercise, then they test us and then they attempt to cause some mistrust towards governments or toward NATO.”
“Nobody should behave like this, especially when you’re at war with a neighboring country,” Harem said.
Russia reportedly began testing Tobol’s capabilities in April 2023. An intelligence report given to The Washington Post the Russians tried to interrupt Starlink transmissions in Ukraine.
More recently, an official with Finland’s Traficom transport agency reported “disturbances in the Baltic Sea,” and even in the Middle East not far from Israel.
Russia reportedly has seven Tobol complexes. One may be in Kaliningrad, a region President Vladimir Putin recently visited.
It’s called “Tobol,” according to anonymous Western intelligence sources. It reportedly looks like a satellite dish but transmits signals instead of receiving them. Estonian military commander Gen. Martin Harem says the technology already is affecting air and sea travel in countries which border Russia, including his country and Finland.
Nearby nations such as Lithuania and Poland also have reported disruptions. So has Sweden. Newsweek quoted Lt. Col. Joakim Paasikivi as saying the jamming difficulty there is due to “Russian influence activities or so-called hybrid warfare.”
"What we have seen is a malfunctioning of GPS,” Harem told The Mirror tabloid in Britain. “We really do not know if they want to achieve something or just practice and test their equipment.”
Russian GPS jamming reportedly is disrupting air travel in some countries. So has Sweden. Newsweek quoted Lt. Col. Joakim Paasikivi as saying the jamming difficulty there is due to “Russian influence activities or so-called hybrid warfare.Jamming of radio signals has been common since the days of the Cold War. The old Soviet Union did it to block Radio Free Europe broadcasts from reaching beyond the “Iron Curtain.”
Tobol reportedly works by sending signals on the same frequency that satellites use for guiding vehicles.
“I think, ostensibly, it’s defensive," electronics expert Dr. Thomas Withington with the Royal United Services Institute said. But he doesn’t think it’s right, even if Russia and Ukraine are at war.
“It’s… degrading the safety of navigation,” Withington told The Daily Telegraph. He noted many jets and ships have alternate means of ensuring they’re going in the right direction.
The larger concern is what Putin might do if he chooses a larger war against NATO countries.
A scenario prepared by Germany’s military suggests the Kremlin could start an invasion of western Europe in a mixture of ways. Harem sees Tobol as a tool for doing that, through “electronic warfare.”
“They have nothing to lose,” Harem said. “First they exercise, then they test us and then they attempt to cause some mistrust towards governments or toward NATO.”
“Nobody should behave like this, especially when you’re at war with a neighboring country,” Harem said.
Russia reportedly began testing Tobol’s capabilities in April 2023. An intelligence report given to The Washington Post the Russians tried to interrupt Starlink transmissions in Ukraine.
More recently, an official with Finland’s Traficom transport agency reported “disturbances in the Baltic Sea,” and even in the Middle East not far from Israel.
Russia reportedly has seven Tobol complexes. One may be in Kaliningrad, a region President Vladimir Putin recently visited.
Time for phased array GPS receivers to detect the origin of the signals. Part of the GPS is knowing where the satellites are so they certain know where to look.
Also, bad news, the cost of inexpensive computer vision systems means it's possible to make drones that can use roads and maps to localize them. Computer vision and differences in temperature and lack of vegetation visible in IR make this relatively cheap. Possibly combine a path-finder drone to get to the building(s) of interest and have it transmit a laser back along the expected path of a missile to bring in the muscle, no RF required.
Also, bad news, the cost of inexpensive computer vision systems means it's possible to make drones that can use roads and maps to localize them. Computer vision and differences in temperature and lack of vegetation visible in IR make this relatively cheap. Possibly combine a path-finder drone to get to the building(s) of interest and have it transmit a laser back along the expected path of a missile to bring in the muscle, no RF required.
