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deice05 27th Jan 2006 03:14

Westjet Deicing
 
Below is a letter I sent to Westjet, Transport Canada, and various other publications a few weeks ago. I have had no positive feedback as of yet from the airline.

I have been a viewer of posts on this website for years and have not made any postings, but have decided I would like to see more feedback from other viewers regarding this issue.

Thanks



West Jet Airlines
5055, 11th ST NE
Calgary, AB Canada
T2E 8N4

January 11th, 2006
Attn: Bruce Flodstedt
Director of Flight Operations


Subject: Ground Deicing Procedures
My family and I were passengers on a West Jet flight departing out of Montreal in late December 2005. We experienced something I still cannot believe occurred on a commercial flight in Canada. I would like to begin by stating that I am a pilot by profession, working for a large international corporate flight department, and feel it is my responsibility to report what the aviation industry knows is an extremely serious, potentially fatal, and 100% avoidable incident. Also, to be clear, I have no affiliation with, or any grievances of any kind, with any airline.
We departed on a West Jet flight shortly before Christmas from CYUL. It had been snowing lightly for the previous two hours. When our aircraft arrived at the gate thirty minutes before our departure, it was prepared and we were boarded. Our seats had us sitting at the trailing edge of the flaps with a very good view of the right wing. On taxi out from the main terminal I was pointing out the ice and snow on the wings to my five year old son explaining how we were going to the deicing pad to have our wings sprayed. At this point, I believe we are on Alpha taxiway holding short of Runway 28. Next thing you know we roll on to Runway 28 and begin the take off with heavy wing contamination. I was in complete shock, and there was nothing I could do about it at this point. Had we been taxiing for any of CYUL’s five other runways I would have had time to relay my concerns to the crew. I thought we would be taxiing across Runway 28 to taxiway Juliet or Kilo, which would lead us into the deicing pad.

It was not just a few specks of ice on the wing (which is still unacceptable), after observing loose snow and ice blow off, there was still moderate contamination left on the wing at rotation. The contamination did not blow off the flaps and outer wing areas until about 1200ft, and on the middle and root of the wing there was ice that did not sublimate until over 15,000 ft. It is well understood that even light contamination can have a dramatic effect on the wing’s lift characteristics causing the wing to stall. Given the number of accidents that occur due to icing, this should not be happening.
This was the first time I have been concerned on a commercial flight.
I approached the Captain after the flight and asked him why we departed without deicing. He said they were ‘cold soaked from the arrival and that they thought everything would blow off'. I told him that I saw ice well after we took off and asked if that was normal operating procedure in the 737 (knowing very well it is not). He admitted it wasn't. The First Officer then began to explain that deicing during these conditions would make things worse. That is when I expressed my displeasure at their lack of understanding and professionalism, and for making a decision that put my family, the passengers, and the crew at risk. I also enquired if it was not their responsibility to visually check the wings prior to takeoff in their company S.O.P’s, at which point they would have seen what I saw.
After a few more exchanges, the Captain said he ‘hoped I would not take this any further, and that he was sorry he disappointed us’. Conditions (see below) may have been present to assume any snow would just ‘blow off’, but not taking into account the many factors that may have raised the temperature enough to create ice (fuel temperatures, drifting exhaust gasses etc.) and not visually inspecting the wings prior to departure is a very hazardous attitude. If I was to conduct one of my flights in such a manor I believe I would be out of a job or severely reprimanded.
On our return to CYUL in the new year I observed another situation that reinforces the importance of addressing this issue. Our West Jet flight pushed back from the gate to proceed to the deicing pad, while at the same time another West Jet flight pushed back and did not deice. After sitting in the same conditions as our flight that morning, and observing aircraft from other companies deicing, I find it hard to believe that one crew could decide, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that it was safe to depart their aircraft.
After deliberating and speaking with peers on how to approach this issue, I have decided at this point, to keep this anonymous. It is my intention that the issue be brought forward to the whole West Jet pilot group, Transport Canada, and the public because if the specific flight were to be revealed, I would be concerned that West Jet and Transport Canada would simply punish the crew and there would be no further action or responsibility taken.
I am hoping to see awareness raised outside the company and I want to ensure this incident is on record if West Jet is to have an accident due to icing. If West Jet’s S.O.P.s do not reflect it, more stringent guidelines should be outlined for deciding when deicing is required, and greater explanation on the seriousness at lack of respect for this issue is necessary. Hidden pressures due to saving the company money, or keeping to the schedule, are issues that may also need to be addressed by West Jet and its pilot group.
Finally, I would like to state that until I’m convinced otherwise, my family, friends, and colleagues will be strongly advised by myself not to fly on this airline.
I can be contacted at [email protected]. I would like to be notified of your actions.
Conditions upon aircraft arrival in CYUL – 160/6 4S- 18SCT 30OVC –7/-9 29.96
Conditions upon aircraft departure from CYUL– 160/10 8S- 27OVC –6/-8 29.92
______________________________________________
CC Paul Ysselmuiden – West Jet Chief Pilot
CC Kevin Pickett – West Jet Director of Inflight Safety
CC Ken Graham – Transport Canada, Calgary
CC Fred Damico – Transport Canada, Winnipeg
CC Editor – Wings Magazine
CC Editor – Globe and Mail Newspaper

jumpy737 27th Jan 2006 13:38

If your concern was safety, then why CC the Globe and wings magazine. I would have bought this as a legitmate concern but why bring the media into this as it now smacks of sensationalism. SHAME...:mad:

Willie Everlearn 27th Jan 2006 14:10

DEICE05
Excellent post.
How you handled it, obviously, will raise debate. Debate is a good thing.
But the greater issue is safety.
I had friends on the Air Ontario F28 out of Dryden. I think you'd find similar concerns among them regarding icing and deicing.
But the reality in aviation right now is the rate at which the airlines are expanding and the rate at which 'experience' is descending.
We (the industry) are going to pay for it unfortunately. And that usually means "payment in blood".
Let's hope your message is responsibly and professionally received.
I often wonder (whilst seated as a PAX) why professional pilots don't make their presence know to the crew when boarding a flight? Is it an ego thing?
I hope not. But it never hurts for the cabin crew at least, to know you have a qualified able bodied person on board in case of an emergency, or urgency. We all speak the same lingo.
:ok:

lostav8r 27th Jan 2006 15:26

It's a good letter, and kudos for taking the time to address the issue with Westjet. However, I have to agree with what was said above, why would you bother to send a copy to the Globe and Mail and Wings Magazine?:confused:
You said you received no positive feedback from the airline. Did you get any feedback @ all?

Flite Nav 27th Jan 2006 15:59

Response
 
For the record; it should be noted that I sent an email to this individual with my contact information as a means of following up. To date I have not received anything from this individual, which in my mind raises questions as to the legitimacy of the letter. If safety is indeed the concern, then I am more than willing to look into the matter. I can't conduct a proper investigation without knowing more of the details. There are always two sides to any story.

It should also be noted that I refuse to discuss this any further on a public forum. If you're truly concerned, you have my contact information.

Bruce Flodstedt
VP Flight Ops
WestJet

royalterrace 27th Jan 2006 16:08

deice05
Let me start with the obvious. Deicing and the clean wing concept are well understood by proffessional pilots. Nothing less is expected.
The not so obvious. Your motives. "I have decided at this point , to keep this anonymous". Are you kidding me? cc'ing media? The only thing anonymous is your name. Surely you must realise that accusations as serious as this will not be able to be addressed on the basis of an "anonymous letter". It brings into question your own real motives. I am dissapointed that a proffessional pilot as you call yourself has made assumptions on the actions of other proffessional pilots and worse yet posted these assumptions and accusations to various people and organisations anonymously. You should know better.
Instead of making a phone call to Capt. Flodstedt to hopefully clear up your concerns and address possible issues you chose to publicly smear WestJet on the internet.
If you were so concerned about the safety of WestJet's operation , what the hell were you doing putting your family on them on the return flight? Words fail me.

Willie Everlearn 27th Jan 2006 16:32

royalterrace

quote "I am dissapointed that a proffessional pilot as you call yourself has made assumptions on the actions of other proffessional pilots and worse yet posted these assumptions and accusations to various people and organisations anonymously."

Why should you be disappointed that a fellow pilot questioned another pilot's decision? Are we to believe all pilot's decisions are always correct and always unquestionable? Or is there the possibility we get a few wrong on occasion? :sad:

Anonymity? :eek:
If you've been in the airline idustry for awhile you'll know this industry uses anonimity in many, many areas of reporting maintenance, flt. operations issues. From FOQA to ASRs to just about anything else in between. Yet, you claim to be disappointed. Look around you. Airline pilots occasionally need and use anonimity to get the safety message out, so it shouldn't surprise any professional pilot. Is West Jet special? :confused:

I think West Jet is more than capable of looking into a safety matter just as I'm sure they can look into any customer service complaint. I'm sure they have a Safety Officer assigned to look into complaints like this. As Flite Nav has indicated, there are two sides to the story and one can't simply go into hush, hush mode because it causes bad publicity. Sometimes safety issues DO cause bad publicity just as investigations internal or public vindicate the accused.

Watch this space.

extreme P 27th Jan 2006 16:39

I'm sure your intentions are well meaning but until you put flight numbers with dates and your name to it nothing can be done.

royalterrace 27th Jan 2006 16:48

Willie

In my view anonymity calls into question these accusations. I give this pilot credit in questioning the PIC directly. Where I have a problem is in his follow up.

If this pilot was TRULY concerned he would have made contact with the appropriate people immediately and directly and not waffle for two weeks and then only anonymously. I sure wouldn't handle it that way. Would you?

As Capt Flodstedt stated above , he contacted "Mr Anonymous" and has recieved no reply. Instead , we see his true colors with an internet smear.

With Capt Flodstedt's invitation , I guess it's up to Mr. Anonymous now.

Safety Guy 27th Jan 2006 18:09

Deice05:

You appear to be painting all Westjet pilots with the same brush, and in my opinion, that is patently unfair and unwarranted. I know many Westjet pilots, including some of the ones you addressed in your letter, and I can tell you that taking off with contaminated wings (as you have alleged), is not an acceptable practice for any of them.

Some of your story doesn't hold water. In case you didn't know (and as a professional pilot you should), the Captain is required by regulation (refer to CAR 602.11 (7)) to inform his passengers that he will be deicing the aircraft prior to departure. When no such announcement was made prior to leaving the gate, you should have asked a member of the cabin crew if deicing would be taking place. I know that I certainly would have if I saw conditions out the window that you claim to have seen.

If you truly believe that the flight was conducted unsafely and in contravention of the regulations, then you need to step up and do the right thing. I suggest that you write another letter to Transport Canada only, giving the specifics of the flight in question. They will contact Westjet and ask for a response. In doing so, your name will not be used. If the response is acceptable (which I firmly believe it would be), they will get back to you with their findings. If it is not, they may bring the matter to TC Enforcement for further action.

SG

f404 28th Jan 2006 14:01

If you were that concerned about de-icing, why didn't you speak up when the Capt. did not mention it in his briefing prior to the flight? I believe that Transport Canada requires the pax to be told about de-icing proceedure.

Tan 28th Jan 2006 14:25

Gentlemen

Deice05 reported the weather conditions upon aircraft arrival in CYUL – 160/6 4S- 18SCT 30OVC –7/-9 29.96
Conditions upon aircraft departure from CYUL– 160/10 8S- 27OVC –6/-8 29.92

It should have been a fairly easy job for any pilot let alone a chief pilot to correctly match the reported weather conditions with WJ’s flight schedule in the time frame given.

Willie Everlearn 28th Jan 2006 14:29

I believe Boeing, and many other aircraft manufacturers define their requirement for deicing as "OAT less than 10 degrees Celcius and visible moisture" with "no ice or snow adhering to the wing surface."
Short of the tactile scrathing with the fingernails of your hand, how does this crew (or any other crew at this airline or any other airline) determine or eliminate the adhering part?

Besides, if the reported weather at the arrival and departure times is accurate for the case in point, light snow IS "visible moisture" and the OAT was reported as less than 10 degrees. That leaves visibility less than a mile, which is wasn't.

Why wasn't the aircraft sprayed/deiced? Captain's responsibility. Captain's call.

To attack the crew in this instance for NOT deicing is folly. I'm sure the Captain considered the "usual" pre-departure stuff and decided not to deice. That's the end of it. Discussion over.

Why should he have to defend that decision. Obviously it was the right one because the flight not only operated safely from A to B but is history.
The interesting part of this (for me at least) is the lack of concern pilots can have when operating in these conditions. We sometimes forget that we have people in the back who are scared sh**less. For some, it can be traumatic. A comforting word might have been prudent and if the author in question was still aprehensive then he would have had the opportunity to say something.

Doesn't sound like that's the way it went down.

Discussion is good. Debate even better.
:ok:

Safety Guy 28th Jan 2006 15:15


Originally Posted by Willie Everlearn
To attack the crew in this instance for NOT deicing is folly. I'm sure the Captain considered the "usual" pre-departure stuff and decided not to deice. That's the end of it. Discussion over.

Why should he have to defend that decision. Obviously it was the right one because the flight not only operated safely from A to B but is history.

First, as none of us was in the cockpit that day, we cannot possibly know what was or wasn't considered, so why speculate? Second, do you honestly believe that if a Captain makes a wrong call and gets away with it, it's therefore not a wrong call? By your way of logic, a guy who drives 40 kph over the speed limit every day and doesn't have an accident, doesn't deserve to get a ticket the next time the cops pull him over! There is only one acceptable standard, and that is to remove the contamination prior to flight, no matter how many times one has got away with it. Accidents like Dryden often happen because people are willing to drift away from the acceptable standard.

As for giving a comforting word, please give an example of an announcement I can make to my passengers to tell them I am about to violate the CARs, but "it's okay".

This thread and discussions like it, are precisely why I will not go flying with any amount of contamination on my wings. You just never know who is watching, and many of them carry cameras. I have received email messages with pictures of aircraft in flight with icy wings on more than one occasion. I do not want to have to answer to TC for my actions, no matter how much I feel I can get away with it.

A310GUY 28th Jan 2006 17:55


Safey guy says:
This thread and discussions like it, are precisely why I will not go flying with any amount of contamination on my wings. You just never know who is watching, and many of them carry cameras....... I do not want to have to answer to TC for my actions, no matter how much I feel I can get away with it.
I find the last post quite revealing in itself. I personally don't care who is watching and whether or not they have cameras. I operate an aircraft based on my experience, knowledge and training and take the safest and most judicious course of action taking into account the conditions and circumstances presented. In reference to spraying - I don't spray just because the guy next to me is or isn't getting sprayed. It is just another piece of information. It is true that two aircraft departing at approximately the same time from the same field may have different spray requirements. If the pilots of the subject flight did make a mistake in judgement about the adhering contaminant then I am sure that the flight ops of his airline, if properly advised, will give counsel and training programs will be, if required, amended.

Anyhow, having said all that and after reading the original post, it doesn't seem that there was that much contaminant left on the wing anyhow. Don't get me wrong - I don't condone taking off with a contaminated wing. It is just that the 'sky is falling tone' and legitimacy of the posters' alleged submissions leaves a bad taste in my mouth.

And by the way - the Dryden accident didn't occur because "people are willing to drift away from the acceptable standard." It was alot more complicated than that.

Safety Guy 28th Jan 2006 20:11


Originally Posted by A310GUY
I find the last post quite revealing in itself. I personally don't care who is watching and whether or not they have cameras. I operate an aircraft based on my experience, knowledge and training and take the safest and most judicious course of action taking into account the conditions and circumstances presented. In reference to spraying - I don't spray just because the guy next to me is or isn't getting sprayed. It is just another piece of information.

And if one gets it wrong while those around them were getting it right, they have to answer for that. I've personally witnessed my fair share of aircraft departing with lots of snow on them while the vast majority of other flights are in the deicing bay. I hope you weren't one of them, and I have to ask why anyone would take such risks? Like it or not, part of our responsibility is covering our own (and the company's) back side. If those around us are applying an accepted best practice, why would any of us want to do differently? Just exactly who benefits in the long run? It also concerns me that a Captain is prepared to set such an example for a First Officer.

Originally Posted by A310GUY
And by the way - the Dryden accident didn't occur because "people are willing to drift away from the acceptable standard." It was alot more complicated than that.

Yes it was complicated, but the Captain's past experiences of getting away with flying other aircraft types with contaminated wings in spite of the well-known risks of doing so, (a common practice at that company),was a definite factor, as was taking the aircraft into Dryden with no APU and no ground support equipment.

royalterrace 28th Jan 2006 21:08

SG

I think you are being a little hard on A310. I agree with him that just because some others are deicing does not mean I'm going to also. It sure will alert me to the fact that deice MAY be needed but after inspection and satisfied that the wings are clean it will be a cold day in **** that I deice just because everyone else is doing it. I'm paid to make those decisions regarding the safety of MY aircraft.
The example being set is that there are a lot of variables involved and that one has to stay on top of the situation to make a safe decision. I have climbed on top of many a ladder to personally verify the condition of the wing instead of staying in my warm cockpit and saying lets go get sprayed just in case. I hope the FO's ARE learning from that example.

Tan 28th Jan 2006 21:17

The only proper way to determine if your aircraft has to be de-iced is to do the inspection from a cherry picker as a clean tail plane is just as important as the main wing. That is why at my company the inspection is carried out by qualified personal and not by a quick look at the wing.

If at any time if there is a disagreement on whether or not a spray is required the spray is done regardless.

Twinpacks 28th Jan 2006 21:19

I'm assuming here that the story is correct for debating sake. Whether it is or not is to be determined.


"I believe Boeing, and many other aircraft manufacturers define their requirement for deicing as "OAT less than 10 degrees Celsius and visible moisture" with "no ice or snow adhering to the wing surface."
Not sure about Boeing but is not exactly correct for Airbus. As per Airbus FCOM,

"Icing conditions may be expected when the OAT (on ground and for take-off), or the TAT (in-flight) is 10 degrees C or below, and there is visible moisture in the air (such as clouds, fog with low visibility of one mile or less, rain, snow, sleet, ice crystals) or standing water. slush, ice or snow is present on the taxiways."
For operation of the engine anti-ice system, pilots must turn it on with the above criteria are met and not wait until they see ice building up. It's slightly different for de-icing and/or anti-icing of the critical surfaces. In this case, all critical surfaces must be clear of snow, frost and ice for takeoff.


Why wasn't the aircraft sprayed/deiced? Captain's responsibility. Captain's call.
Yes and no. Usually the FCOM will stipulate that in all circumstances, it is the Captain's responsibility to decide whether or not to de-ice/anti-ice the aircraft, or to order a repeated treatment.

But many companies go a little further and include in their operations manuals (excerpts from our Operations Manual and Route Manual):


No aircraft will be released for take-off from any station until the flight crew and the qualified de-icing person, as dictated in the contractor’s Standards and Procedures Manual, are satisfied that the critical surfaces are free from frost, ice and snow.

Flights may be dispatched when it is agreed by the Captain and the Qualified Person that the snow on the surfaces is light, not adhering to the wing surface and is of such consistency that it will blow off during taxi or the immediate start of the take-off roll. However, such snow should be blown off using dry unheated air or nitrogen wherever possible prior to dispatch from the gate.

The reverse of cold soaking can take place when dry, cold snow encounters wing surfaces warmed by fuel pumped from underground storage, the snow may melt and re-freeze. As is the case for cold soaking, the hazard may not occur until just prior to take-off. Remember, underlying snow or slush can be a layer of clear ice.

The decision to de-ice may be made by a Qualified Person or by the flight crew. However, once the decision to de-ice has been made, it cannot be over-ridden by the other party.
The clean wing concept is an excellent rule. When flying these bigger aircraft, it's extremely difficult to assess if snow is adhering or not to the surface. Why chance it? Get sprayed, you have many, many lives depending on you, not to mention your own skinny rear-end. The evidence is overwhelming about what can happen if you takeoff with a contaminated wing. The manufacturer, the company, and the governing authorities give vasts amount of info about operating in icing conditions. If after taking into consideration all this info, I'm still not 100% certain if I should spray or not, then I spray. Safety is paramount and I'd rather err on the safe side.


To attack the crew in this instance for NOT deicing is folly. I'm sure the Captain considered the "usual" pre-departure stuff and decided not to deice. That's the end of it. Discussion over.

Why should he have to defend that decision. Obviously it was the right one because the flight not only operated safely from A to B but is history.
I could not disagree with you more. I don't condone attacking the crew, but an investigation is warranted if the story is correct. Again if the story is correct then I sincerely believe that it was the wrong decision, as stated by the fact that contamination still existed after takeoff. Just cause a flight arrives at destination does not mean it was not in any potential danger at some point. Being a captain means being the one responsible and having to answer for your decisions. Should you ever have to answer for your actions then hopefully your answers will be the right ones. If not, then he/she/we must learn from the mistakes in order to avoid them in the future. In some cases that requires extra training. It's not about hanging anyone out to dry, unless true negligence or diseregard for the rules/procedures was exercised; it is about safety.

Safety Guy 28th Jan 2006 21:54


Originally Posted by royalterrace
I hope the FO's ARE learning from that example.

So do I! That's the kind of proactive management of a flight that all Captains should employ.

I think you misread what I said. I never suggested that one should deice an obviously clean aircraft, providing that it has been determined by a proper inspection process (which as Tan said, must include the tail). What I said was that I question what motivates someone to take off in an obviously contaminated aircraft, as I have witnessed in the past, and as is alleged in the starting post in this thread. That to me is not only unsafe but foolhardy in today's world, where the consumer is often well informed.

anybodyatall 28th Jan 2006 22:55


Originally Posted by jumpy737
If your concern was safety, then why CC the Globe and wings magazine. I would have bought this as a legitmate concern but why bring the media into this as it now smacks of sensationalism. SHAME...:mad:

I concur with jumpy737.

However, if the allegations are true about the snow & ice build-up on the wing, then this would appear to be a valid concern. Hopefully West Jet will get to the bottom of this matter, as I'm sure they will, being a responsible company and all.

Maple Leafs 29th Jan 2006 05:08

One way or another, it all burns off in the end. Chalk that one up as luck, you may not get that lucky next time.

As the old saying goes, learn from the mistakes of others, you will not live long enough to make them all yourself.

I am sure the Captain is reading this, hope you have learned.

Willie Everlearn 29th Jan 2006 20:56

Safety Guy
You make a couple of very good points with which I wholeheartedly agree.

How do you know this crew was in violation of the CARs??? Have you already conducted your investigation? I don't for a minute suggest "they got away with it this time" and neither should you. However, it does appear as though they flew off from A to B safely, unless I got it wrong. I'm not suggesting they got away with anything. I'm confident but accept the fact I wouldn't know, they did a walkaround and decided they had a clean wing based on what they saw. Or, should I assume otherwise? I don't think so.
I credit a professional crew with believing what was seen on a walkaround, that they had a clean wing and made the right decision to depart without deicing and no CAR was violated.
A simple PA to inform the passengers that a thorough inspection of the aircraft exterior and wings was conducted removing the necessity for deicing. It's recorded for the investigators in case they made a boo boo.

I am also crediting a professional pilot who was a passenger on that flight with the ability to observe, identify and claim that there was ice adhering to the wing. This person says he had no opportunity to bring it to the crews attention. I am accepting that as well and applaud him for doing the right thing.

So, now what? Who's right and who's wrong and why not bring it to someones attention? Who better than officials at West Jet? After all, the PAX has a customer complaint. Doesn't he?

The sarcastic part of my comment was, "Why wasn't the aircraft sprayed/deiced? Captain's responsibility. Captain's call."
It's never that simple, is it?

Perhaps it would have stirred more emotion to say this. "Captain screwed up. Off with his head!"

I don't think so.

As previously stated (by someone closer to the action than me) there are two sides to the story here and until a 'judge' hears both sides, we have only the innocent to listen to.

A310GUY
Excellent posts. Well said.

B737FO 30th Jan 2006 00:47

...
 
The bottom line to me after reading all this is this. 1 Captain decides one thing and another one chooses a different path. Past experiences cost saving blah blah. The point is the WJ captain chose to takeoff while a passenger in the back end had a concern. He says it was too late at this point.

In my opinion he should not have envolved the media and the point of this to me sounds like he was pis*ed off that he told his kid they were gonna de-ice because HE would have as Captain but they didnt so he got mad and wrote a letter in the heat of anger or frustration. That being said there are assumably no pictures or video or any kind of proof at all. However the Captain being quoted as saying "I hope you don't take this any further" makes me wonder a little that he had be caught doing something he bounced back and forth in his mind before deciding to takeoff.

The crews choice to takeoff is like everyone is saying here. Captain's finally responsible and its pretty well going to be his decision. Hind sight in this is that it brings up good discusions from different crews at different airlines and sheds little to no light on the facts of this incident except for what the passenger viewed as unsafe. All TC will do is review the wxx that day and conditions however long it sat on the ground etc. If they even take it that far. My hats off to Flight Nav for following it up promptly.

I think the WJ Captain did the 50/50 call made it but got called on it from a FCM sitting in the back of his airplane got mad and wrote a letter. That being said he is entitled to his opinion and he should have wrote a letter but not to the media. This makes no sense to me.

If I was onboard though and I felt something was unsafe and it was too late perhaps a conversation with the flight crew at the end would be prudent.

Good thread though started some good info rolling.

B757FO

Safety Guy 30th Jan 2006 02:51

Willie:

You make good points as well. As I am not a party to what happened in YUL I can't conduct an investigation. I did not say the Westjet Captain violated the CARs, it was implied in the original post of this thread. What I did say was that taking off with a contaminated aircraft is a CARs violation.

I am all for use of good judgement, it's what Captains get paid for. But, there are times when we should not apply judgement, but rather we should follow the regs because they were written to protect the travelling public. The reg with respect to contamination is quite clear; clean wings are mandatory, and a little bit of ice or snow is not acceptable unless the manufacturer has given a statement to the contrary in their approved manuals. To me, this regulation takes the pressure off from that particular decision making exercise. I'll take those whenever I can get them, as there are more than enough complex decisions to make on a given day, especially when mother nature takes her best shot. Given the clarity of the regulatory language, I can't understand why anyone would knowingly decide to depart in an obviously contaminated aircraft with dozens of witnesses to a potential regulatory violation looking out the windows at the evidence of my "crime". It ain't worth the risk to our lives, or my license, IMHO.

Tan 30th Jan 2006 07:07

I am quite shocked at what I’m reading on this thread concerning the criteria that some folks think is acceptable procedure in determining whether or not a spray is required. As I said in an earlier post the tail plane must be inspected and a walk around just doesn’t cut it. How do you know what’s on your tail plane unless you are in a position to actually inspect it? Do you jump up and down trying to observe your tail plane or do you just assume a clean wing indicates a clean tail plane. A contaminated tail plane is going to cause you to crash just as easily as a contaminated wing. If your tail plane is not getting inspected you're rolling the dice.

I have certainly witnessed carriers that were rumored to be in financial straits forgoing the de-icing spray while everyone else was getting sprayed. For someone to say that financial considerations are not playing a part in some de-icing decisions is pure folly.

IMHO there certainly appears to be a wide gap in the operational philosophy between what the legacy carriers and LCC’s are putting in their manuals. The legacy carriers build the proper method of de-icing into their infrastructure and follow through. Others prefer to go the cheap way and rely only on input from one source after a cursory inspection.

As others have wisely noted if you think de-icing is expensive, try an accident..

Ontariotech 30th Jan 2006 14:16

From 1998 to 1999 I worked with Hudson General at CYYZ. The first winter I worked the ramp, we would see AirTransat aircraft skip de-icing on a regular basis. They used to have a van, with a cherry picker, and a large air compressor in back. They would get in the basket, and blow the contamination off the wings prior to depatrue. The De-icing pad was new at that time, and yes....Hudson General had the contract for-de-icing with their new yellow de-ice trucks. Elephant trucks they called them I believe. AirTransat would only come buy in heavy snows and ice, but under any other conditions, when others would de-ice, you would never see them. I am pretty sure things have changed now a days. But buy the sounds of the letter posted.....I dunno.

I am also surprised at the Captains actions, if accurate, as alot of Westjet crews are ex-Canadian Forces. They are pretty strict when it comes to following SOP's and regulations.

One last thing......what are WJ's SOP for ice and contamination? I would think that contaminated wings means no departure.

Mulligan 31st Jan 2006 01:00

I started flying 737-200s in 1981 and remember a lot of departures with contaminated wings. The airplane never seemed to "notice" and it was accepted practice. All we had then was Type 1 and, when we did spray we would often sit around for what now seems like a l-o-o-o-ng time! That's how it was until Dryden came along and smartened us up.
I remember a light going on one day when I read an article on simulated contamination. I think the researchers used sandpaper to simulate contamination. Their results showed that performance was not degraded a great deal as long as both engines were operating. I had my eyes opened by a set of results that showed only a slightly degraded climb rate with both engines operating but a negative value with one engine out!
It seems to me that these airplanes will more or less "muscle" their way around the sky with both fans operating but if you lose one with contaminated wings you are probably going to make a big hole in the ground.
If the airlines want to save money on de-iceing then they should invest hugely in an alternative measure. As for me, if I can't decide I spray.

brucelee 31st Jan 2006 14:26

Going back to the comments on revealing this to the press, I think that it was a good idea. The travelling public deserves to know what the risks are. As a customer, they deserve to have the right to comment on a possible safety problem. Do you think TC would advise the public? They never do. It's not their job. Many of us have seen WJ skip the deicing. I witnessed it just recently in YUL and it wasn't the first time. The wings were clearly contaminated and noticable. Are they the only ones doing it? Probably not but chances are it's not a common incident at AC. Even if the crew wanted to get away with it we can't because we have a trained ramp crew that would have us go deice wether we agree or not. Not just a flight deck decision anymore. It involves anyone around the airplane. Maybe WJ should have the same system. It is not a reflection on the company. I'm sure WJ does not condone this. Rather the individuals at the controls are to blame.

Tan 31st Jan 2006 17:41

It makes me wonder, if LCC aircraft are not been de-iced at the major airports in the presence of knowledgeable observers what’s happening at the smaller airports. Is TC waiting for another accident to occur before doing something about it or is TC being politically correct by looking the other way?

Maybe we should be asking the owners?

Slapshot 31st Jan 2006 20:14

As an "Owner" I will not knowingly take-off with contamination on the wings. That's just common sense, not to mention S.O.P. and the law according to the CARs...
However, I will not use a "PR" spray just to be "seen" to do the right thing. It's a waste of time, and money, hard on the aircraft and it's systems, not to mention the environment...
I am thoroughly familiar with the WestJet S.O.P's regarding dry loose snow as well as "Cold Soaked Fuel Frost". How many on this board are also well versed?
It's all well and good to speak from experience gained in your own operations, but to chastise another Airline for operating according to it's own Transport Canada approved F.O.M. is counter-productive and pointless...

brucelee 31st Jan 2006 21:17

Slapshot.
Interesting point of view. Are there any TC inspectors on this forum? A PR spray? Wow. I thought TC and your SOP was pretty clear. ANY contamination has to be removed. Period. This doesn't necessarilly mean a full spray. It could be as simple as just one small section of the airplanes' lift surfaces. You have just proved exactly what many on this forum have said against you.

Tan 31st Jan 2006 22:02


Originally Posted by Slapshot
As an "Owner" I will not knowingly take-off with contamination on the wings. That's just common sense, not to mention S.O.P. and the law according to the CARs...
However, I will not use a "PR" spray just to be "seen" to do the right thing. It's a waste of time, and money, hard on the aircraft and it's systems, not to mention the environment...
I am thoroughly familiar with the WestJet S.O.P's regarding dry loose snow as well as "Cold Soaked Fuel Frost". How many on this board are also well versed?
It's all well and good to speak from experience gained in your own operations, but to chastise another Airline for operating according to it's own Transport Canada approved F.O.M. is counter-productive and pointless...

I’ve flown aircraft around the world for many years and I’ve never heard of a “PR” spray. Is this a LCC thing? Why aren’t the rest of us doing "PR" sprays or is there a separate set of safety rules for the LCC’s?

The Enquire would sure like to know…

brucelee 31st Jan 2006 22:32

It's a cowboy thing dude.:ok:

Slapshot 31st Jan 2006 23:12


"It's a cowboy thing dude."
No, it's a "Public Relations" spray that does nothing to increase safety, but give the "appearance" that something was done...
As for

"I thought TC and your SOP was pretty clear. ANY contamination has to be removed. Period."
You have no knowledge of our S.O.P.'s so I will enlighten you... WestJet and it's fleet of 737-NG aircraft are permitted... "Takeoff with light coatings of cold soaked fuel frost on the upper wing surfaces is permissible in accordance with the AFM and the exemption from CAR 602.11(2), provided certain conditions are met." End quote.
Also: Cold dry snow on a cold wing - the application of de-icing/anti icing fluid to the wing of the aircraft would result in the snow sticking to the fluid. Under such conditions it may not be prudent to apply fluids to the wing.
As I said: It's all well and good to speak from experience gained in your own operations, but to chastise another Airline for operating according to it's own Transport Canada approved F.O.M. is counter-productive and pointless...

brucelee 1st Feb 2006 01:35

What I have witnessed on WJ airplanes was a little more than what you state. But hey, who am I to judge? You guys know your airplanes, I don't. I remember some years ago a 737 going in the Potomac River off DCA. The Capt thought it was just a little snow on the wings. No big deal. Luck will only last so long. Eventually it runs out. Don't be a hero cause at the end of the day, Clive will be more angry if you destroy one of his airplanes than if you spend a little money on deicing. If you guys don't buy that concept, I wouldn't put my wife and kids on your planes.

Tan 1st Feb 2006 02:08


Originally Posted by brucelee
What I have witnessed on WJ airplanes was a little more than what you state. But hey, who am I to judge? You guys know your airplanes, I don't. I remember some years ago a 737 going in the Potomac River off DCA. The Capt thought it was just a little snow on the wings. No big deal. Luck will only last so long. Eventually it runs out. Don't be a hero cause at the end of the day, Clive will be more angry if you destroy one of his airplanes than if you spend a little money on deicing. If you guys don't buy that concept, I wouldn't put my wife and kids on your planes.

I know a few WJ employees and they tell me that WJ is always looking at ways to save money which in its self is quite laudable. However if it manifests itself in ways where employees can’t see the forest for the trees and ends up compromising safety then a policy rethink is advisable.

Safety Guy 1st Feb 2006 02:15

Slapshot:

You're trying to deflect the discussion from the real issue. It has been alleged that one of your flights departed with a contaminated wing that was not covered under either of the ops manual stipulations you quoted. Maybe it's true, maybe it's not. I'd say that from the Captain's alleged reaction, it bears some truth. Spraying that aircraft prior to departure would not have been PR spray, it would have been indicative of a Captain who was operating his aircraft with safety as his first priority, and in compliance with the CARs. If you feel that the CARs are too restrictive, then do the honourable thing and lobby the Minister for a change.

Whether it was the first time that it's happened, or whether everyone at your company does it really doesn't matter. All we're saying is that such actions are not indicative of the kind of safety culture we all should be encouraging.

anybodyatall 1st Feb 2006 02:16


Originally Posted by brucelee
Going back to the comments on revealing this to the press, I think that it was a good idea....

Since the complaint was directed first and foremost to WJ, then I think the honourable thing to do would be to let WJ answer it first. If a WJ reply is unsatisfactory, then the person should take it to the next step, and that is to TC. Let them investigate it properly. If TC finds that the allegations prove to be valid, THEN by all means go to the media and raise a stink... To do otherwise I think is putting the proverbial cart before the horse...

royalterrace 1st Feb 2006 02:49

[QUOTE=brucelee]What I have witnessed on WJ airplanes was a little more than what you state. But hey, who am I to judge? You guys know your airplanes, I don't.
You should have quit while you were ahead. For you to judge ANY other operator is the height of arrogance. I'm sure you could tell if the snow was (magic word here) ADHERING to the wing from where ever you were "observing". Slapshot tried to educate you. You choose to go off on your own self righteous tangent...I guess it makes you feel better. Good luck with that.
I don't think anyone here is arguing the need for proper deicing when it is required. What I don't understand is the need to go off with a bunch of half baked theories. Why is it that you feel the need to denigrate fellow pilots with this crap? Surely you don't believe that someone that has reached this level of flying is going to purposely takeoff with a contaminated wing? Has anyone here even considered that maybe the crew involved felt the light snow was NOT adhering and possibly made an honest mistake? I have no idea what happened but there seem to be a few out there ready to draw and quarter these guys and all of WestJet just for good measure.There are many possibilities regarding this whole sad posting that may or may not be but the one thing I am sure of is that those that choose to use this as some sort of example to prove they are superior are sad indeed. You know who you are.


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