Chidken Sangwich
Unless I'm behind the times, having been out of the industry for some 7 years, in just one of my previous lives I worked for an adhoc cargo airline whereas any Tom, Dick or Harry could charter us as ACMI or full charter.
Freight forwarders, someone working from home, even the likes of Amazon or Tesco who are not airlines themselves, we were the AOC holder responsible to the applicable authorities, the charterers were simply that, the charterer, the difference between ACMI and full charter is that full charter rates incluse an X factor, a buggeration factor, whereas ACMI can work out cheaper but then the charterer takes the financial risks.