CRMHOF, as I surmise your company association addresses need the of operators to teach CRM, as defined by and as specified by regulation. I am not a fan of this approach, it pays the bills but questionably may not help improve safety; I qualify this that the problem is more likely to be with the regulator opposed to individuals or training organisations.
I note that you view ‘
…CRM as it relates to human factors issues.’ There are many alternative views, e.g. CRM is the application of HF.
The definition CRM should always be stated; to what extent does this include include crew dynamics, … and how. Many people would reel off the standard book definition, where the ‘book’ varies with country, culture, even age.
As old school, pre CRM, I have had to grown up with HF, TEM, and CRM; the latter well conceived, but poorly implemented, and in many formats past its use by date. “Everyone knows what CRM is for, but they don’t actually know what it is.”
A thorough grounding and practice of basic thinking skills may be more beneficial, these should include considering the point of view of others.
Back to the thread; what is seen as cockpit conflict could be viewed as mismanaged crew dynamics. The management task applies to any crew composition, and may be of greater concern with ‘balanced’ crews than for perceived mismatches of age or culture.
Greater safety benefit might be gained from researching what happens in everyday operations, opposed to looking for new problems where none (no evidence) exist.
The vast majority of crews manage their inter-crew dynamics. Like any human interface nothing is perfect, thus the crew task is achieve an acceptable balance. What is involved with this, what is the process, the mechanism of management, particularly with mixed cultures, age, or experience?
There are some common misunderstandings; age equating to experience - not so for time on type, experience and rank, and so on, including extremes of national identity or language. So the first task is to identify the myths and bias in this subject, - a crew questionnaire on these beliefs would provide a good introduction to further research on everyday crew management - ask crews to explain how they generate success!
“In order to have any chance of successfully operating increasingly complex socio-technical systems, we need to abandon the myths and the ideal approach to safety that they imply.”
https://hal.inria.fr/file/index/doci...ech-Report.pdf
http://www.iploca.com/platform/conte...afetyMyths.pdf