some info in Field 18 has formats like FFF says, but it can be used for anything, and some things just need plain english.
If you cannot get the latest info (ie weather) for a particular aerodrome, then either phone it up and request it, get the nearest other available, and failing that use the regional weather. Once in transit you can then request it from ATC, in the UK we have a free Flight Information Service manned by assistants that are more than happy to do this work for you. At least we can get one thing right