A wing with a high aspect ratio (square of the span divided by wing area) is more efficient and will create less (induced) drag for the same amount of lift, all other things being equal. Google for the Oswald efficiency factor.
That's why gliders have long wings.
Then there's lift distribution (an ideal wing is elliptical, take a gander at the Supermarine Spitfire) and quite a bit more to it.
Cheers,
Fred