Just last week I had a colleague who had an iPhone issue. When connecting the phone to a Win10 laptop it recognised the phone, offered him a multitude of Windows options that would like to help him in managing said phone, but iTunes would not recognise it. We found out that Windows prefers to install its own USB driver, allowing Windows access to the phone and basically treating it as a digital camera, but this prevents full use through iTunes.
We followed the steps on this page to restore normal communication between the phone and laptop:
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204095
Worth a try in situations like this.