Colgan
The Stall recovery training (more specifically approach to Stall) for this aircraft involved "limit altitude loss". That has some obvious drawbacks once the airframe is actually stalled. The Captain, Melvin Renfro, was surprised by an initial, and "spurious" Stall warning. He had left wing anti ice ON, which elevated the onset of the aural Stall Warn by twenty knots. It was, essentially, a fatal response to a bug speed. Lack of SA, hair trigger neuronal, male ego, etc.?
His initial Pull may have been related to either Tail Stall training, or "limit altitude loss". In either case, the unnecessary pull was the proximate cause of the actual Stall. Once Stalled, the aircraft was lost. I remember the altitude on long final at the time as about 1000 feet. He continued to pull on the column, overcoming the pusher, which requires seventy pounds pull to be defeated.
Muscle memory? Training? Inexperience? Lack of sterile cockpit?
In some cases too fine a point is put on "causes" that are irrelevant?
In 447, we actually are aware of the PF's concerns: "What's that smell?..."
"Do you feel crazy speed?" "Maybe spoilers...." "Mais non...." No mention of Stall Warn (seventy actuations continuous in the descent). As far as we know, right?
We are missing the most important (CVR) data available, not even CAM airstream signature is released? No intonation, no rebukes, no questions, no aural record. That is a disgrace.....