Originally Posted by tdracer
My personal vision has long been for a two stage shuttle - horizontal takeoff, the first stage being air breathing using hydrocarbon liquid fuel and some combination of turbojets/ramjets/scramjets, and a pure rocket H2/O2 orbiter. Of course it would cost a large fortune to develop, but per launch costs would basically be fuel and maintenance. Sadly it won't happen in my lifetime. Neither the money or the technology are there to make something like that viable.
Perhaps that's because such a setup is not viable period. To me, the whole idea of trying to combine more than one type of vehicle in one (e.g. a "spaceplane", a tilt-rotor, a "flying car", a half-track etc) is that you end up with something that combines most of the DISadvantages of both with only a few of the advantages. In this example the "orbiter" still has wings, some kind of landing gear, some sort of an aerodynamic control system for re-entry, none of which it needs at any time OTHER than re-entry. It also has to carry all the "spaceship stuff" which it does not need during the re-entry. In other words, at any given time in the mission, good half the mass of the vehicle is dead weight that's sitting there doing nothing, but still has to be carried. Is this not the very definition of inefficiency? It's hard enough to build a good airplane or a good spaceship, but to build something that's both is, in my opinion, well-nigh impossible.
All this is before we even get to your first stage vehicle which will ostensibly be this fairly large, cumbersome, expensive airplane that will only be good for one thing.