All lithium-based batteries are considered dangerous goods and require a trail of paperwork for shipment. One of the largest risks is from poorly-made counterfeit batteries, so many cargo and airline operators only accept shipments from pre-approved, bonafide companies.
From a fire-fighting perspective, the big problem is lithium in metallic form. Metallic lithium reacts violently with both water and halon, so they require special "Class D" extinguishers. They also self-ignite at relatively low temperatures. And, in an explosion, molten metal gets ejected everywhere, burning through compartments and starting additional fires.
The rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, on the other hand, use non-metallic lithium (lithium compounds) by definition. And since the lithium is combined with other materials, rechargeables only contain relatively small amounts of lithium. Up to 8 grams of "Equivalent Lithium Content" (ELC) is usually allowed by regulation.
Lithium-ion battery fires can be extinguished with water or halon -- up to some limits of course. So there are rules on how many batteries or cells may be packed together, the types of cargo containers which may house them, etc.
There's a large amount of energy in these batteries, especially when they are fully charged. Any short circuit will start a fire and cause a thermal runaway. Therefore, the new regulations will focus on limiting the % charge allowed on shipped batteries, probably in the 30%-40% region.