just to clarify, the changes to the RB199 HPT Blades from equiaxed to single crystal were NOT RSAF funded. they were in fact funded by R-R as the RSAF engines were sold with a 200 hour warranty and because so many engines were being rejected inside warrenty, the change to single crystal was necessary. The single crystal HPT blade was also taken by the RAF/GAF and IAF as reliability improvements