Horatio,
If you want to call it exporting bureaucratic services, I will go along with you, but this is not exporting education services, this is thinking up a test, then creating an industry to administer the test.
Re. FAA, to clarify, FAA did/does not administer aviation language tests to existing FAA license holders (real ones, not ones issued against a foreign license) on the basis I already mentioned.
Other countries demanding local testing (like Australia) of foreign license holders is just another case of non-recognition of a pilot's qualification, not anything to do with FAA, if it is an FAA license you have,and in the Australian case, a "nice little earner".
Put another way, I can fly an N registered aircraft anywhere in the world without having to have ICAO Level 6 on the license.
Tootle pip!!
PS: Anybody got a link to the alleged US difference, I can't find one on this matter.