In 1916 Robert Smith-Barry devised a flying training system known as the "Gosport System" based upon exposing pilots to the various Threats and Errors associated with flying aeroplanes, so that they could learn to Manage them safely. The Gosport System has been the basis of much of the World's flying training ever since.
Airmanship which remains largely undefined, is the aviators version of Seamanship - the art of operating a ship or boat. Thus the Gosport System is heavily intertwined with Airmanship.
TEM was developed by a partnership between the University of Texas Human Factors Research Project (UT) and Delta Airlines in 1994. As the Gosport System had never been adopted in the US they had probably come to the same conclusions that Smith-Barry had 78 years earlier!
It could be considered as re-inventing the wheel or fitting a damp course to a house that already has one however; TEM seeks to quantiy many of the factors we currently list under Airmanship. Re-educating those who have been brought up the old way is a difficult if not impossible task therefore presenting new ideas may appear to overide traditional common sense.