The problem with relying on carriers to deliver deterrence is that you actually have one in the right place at the right time.
Like I said, this 'study' feels like a fairly shambolic piece of poorly contrived 'research' which ignores any inconvenient truths to instead put across a fairly poorly written, frankly ignorant, piece of work which is far too long, and only good for getting face time for the authors career and not a serious piece of work.