Yes, you can have "legal VFR" and an effective forward visibility of zero at the same time.
That is a question I have long wondered about. I was once given a straight in approach by Bournemouth radar onto 08 and told to report "Field in sight". It was a beautiful Summer evening and I couldn't see anything into the setting sun. I also used the NDB to ensure that I was on the centre line and kept being asked if I could see the field. After about the third negative I came clean and said I couldn't see anything. Somebody behind me then made the same confession and we were both cleared to continue the approach and eventually to land.
Ever since I have wondered about the legality of that "VFR" flight. If I hadn't had ADF that would have been a very unpleasant experience.