NDB - Non Directional Beacon
DCT - I think it is Direct Course Track or Direct To, Could be wrong
others refer to it as DTK - Direct Track
For more definitions you could look up in the Planning Manual under the General Section.
As for the turning before SID complete it's up to the controller, if the track that the aircraft wants is free then the controller can then turn the plane onto the required track.
SID's are great for departing aircraft just like STAR's, or a approved arrival procedure, are for arrivals. It helps merge the aircraft onto finals. But most times the controller will radar vector the aircraft into the position that he wants.