Fireflybob :
I know this is another part of the world but it would be interesting to see what ICAO says on this.
What ICAO says is a recommended practice, not the Country regulation .
I do not know what Indonesian AIP is saying , no time/will to check.
But what is in that AIP is what should have been done.
In most States the term " MET briefing " is not a mandatory one as you can depart from airport which do not have a Met office, or even ATC, therefore you normally have " as far as practicable " in there but again I do not know what Indonesia has written .
What everybody normally has is a rule that before any flight you must inform yourself of relevant weather en route and carry the appropriate Wx charts with you.(paper or electronic). If this has not been done then you indeed have a problem . As I understand from locals ,the Surabaya airport met office prepared the paperwork for that flight and delivered it after the aircraft had departed , as it took off well ahead of shedule. That is apparently one of the issues .