I too had this pop up earlier and it said something to the effect that this patch was VERY important to have, and elsewhere I seem to recall that it said it would be automatically induced by midnight and would be ready to go at the next restart. I've not seen anything like that before, well not to my addled memory. I checked my settings, nudged by mr mixture's screenshot and there was no box ticked regarding automatic installation of updates. Out of interest what is/are the vulnerabilities presented by the NTP (?) patch ?
The simple truth is that if anyone with the ability and malevolent intent wants to implicate another through their computer, then they most likely can and will. All the average joe can do is be up to date with all reasonable security updates, stay off dodgy websites and hope that whilst paddling about the sea you're not the tasty morsel that interests a passing shark.
SHJ