I've used my UK Debit Card (Visa) at Schipol a few times in the past. You will probably get the option of paying in GBP or EUR. If you select GBP you shouldn't be charged any foreign transactions fees (I wasn't) but the exchange rate won't be great and you may end up paying more than you would have done had you paid in EUR and the associated fees. It all depends on your bank charges.
As for PEK. I'm not sure. I used my UK Visa Credit Card as normal but not my debit card.