Passenger profiling exists (I'd imagine in most of the Western World, but certainly the places I'm familiar with). There's only so much that it helps, though, because not all airfares are booked well in advance, and information may only be available to authorities shortly after check-in. Given the interested parties would need to then run assessments it would be unlikely that a problem would be identified before takeoff - and for something like this thta would probably be too late, unless you can discretely divert (or have a marshall on board that can play James Bond).