"Interpol might be helpful but the issuing organisation is the best source of information. Could probably also pick up differences in photos in the passport quickly as well."
I suspect this isn't the thread for deep discussions about that, but certainly with today's technology one could get a "fingerprint" of the original image, a comparable scan "fingerprint" and a scan of the person presenting the document with AI processing in the background. If one has advanced TX of bookings/manifest that is even easier. No doubt someone has calculated the cost of implementation/ongoing operation is more than the notional loss of airframe/lives. Plus if one has this everywhere, it is harder to infiltrate or exfiltrate assets one wants to slip in for whatever reason. A lot is "security theatre" or carefully restrained implementation.