It would be more accurate to say that an aircraft in flight cannot distinguish between airflow due to the wind and airflow due to movement of the aircraft.
An aircraft in flight cannot experience any airflow due to wind
as such. It can, however, experience
changes in airflow due to rapid changes in wind speed and direction. Because of the limited inertia of light aircraft, this effects is almost always negligible except when flying in turbulence and I don't think it adds to the OP's understanding to discuss it.