Vorsicht...
Monopolies? Really? I think you're being a bit harsh with your selective recall.
The domestic business-class monopoly arose from the Ansett collapse when no other airline provided such a service...until Virgin decided to compete in that space.
And as for a "Pacific monopoly", you must have forgotten that United & Air Canada pretty much always did it, and Air NZ was allowed to. That excludes the many other one-stop options like Cathay, JAL, Air Pacific, Hawaiian, Air Tahiti, Air NZ, LAN Chile, Aerolinas Argentina etc. let alone the defunct operators like Pan Am.
The Pacific route was no doubt profitable, but a monopoly? Puhlease!