Most American airports are set up for just that, as most transfer traffic in the USA is domestic to domestic.
My experience has been that you only get the benefit of having gone through the TSA scan if your flight leaves from the same terminal as your flight from Dublin arrives.
For example, the last time I flew into O'Hare, I had to go out into the public area, take the people mover between terminals and go back through security. IIRCI arrived in Terminal 5 and left from Terminal 3.