"Do you always (1) follow the approach chart or do you (2) take vectors onto the glideslope, or (3) both? Also at what point do you start a (4) visual approach? Do you join a (5) circuit, but (6) a big one?"
a) In a full radar environment, normally (3). (1) initially (the 'Star') then (2) - vectors from director onto final
b) In a 'procedural' environment, (1)
c) (4) When it is expeditious, and flight conditions and traffic permit.
d) (5) If the arrival direction requires it, a join downwind. eg arriving at Montpelier (from the northwest) to land on the northwest runway.
e) (6) Not if I can avoid it! OR at Montpellier when the French flying training school takes priority over (British!) commercial traffic!