Skynalist,
That is a topic worthy of a separate thread.
There are some frameworks in place. First of all, before an airline operates in the USA (or any other country) it must have regulatory approval - an "Air Operator Certificate (AOC)". The airline must demonstrate to the FAA that it has the systems and training to operate safely. Restrictions are routinely placed on the international operators for things like land and hold short, and there may be other restrictions on a case by case basis. After this accident it would not be unusual for the FAA to add restrictions to the AOC of an airline or group of airlines.
Additionally, there is a system of inspections and audits that can be done through IATA, such as the IATA Operational Safety Audit. IATA is an industry group, and while there are many positives about the audit process, the results are not public and the rectifications are not mandatory.