Don't know if I grasp your concern; if I understand correctly, the company has tried to "install" a safety culture by implementing safety management systems, with limited success.
Unable to offer any personal experiences or opinions on that, but there is a quite recent study from medicine that deals with the topic of shared safety climate at the "sharp end" as opposed to safety management systems (or "tools" as the authors call them). According to the results of this study, the safety tools implemented by management apparently did not reduce the occurrence of errors, but the safety climate among staff did (
Attitude is everything?: The impact o... [Health Care Manage Rev. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI). Maybe that helps a bit in the sense of corroborating your observation that despite SMS "nothing has changed", even though it admittedly does not answer the question of "what to do next".