Where I work we have a somewhat punitive culture. I do not always agree with this but the emphasis is put on reporting integrity which is not a bad thing. If a report has not been forthcoming and the airline finds out what has happened by other means, then the penalties for the crew are far more severe. But we operate in an environment where unions are there in name only so I understand that this type of culture might be impossible in a more democratic airline.
Another example would be a taxi route error where a crew might be criticised and suffer a small censure but if ATC reports the incident and the crew didn't, there is all hell to pay. Personally I think this is generally a positive thing.
Sorry, going off topic somewhat....